Shloka 43
Parīkṣit’s Questions and the Prelude to Kṛṣṇa’s Advent
Earth’s Burden, Viṣṇu’s Order, and Kaṁsa’s Fear
ज्योतिर्यथैवोदकपार्थिवेष्वद:समीरवेगानुगतं विभाव्यते । एवं स्वमायारचितेष्वसौ पुमान्गुणेषु रागानुगतो विमुह्यति ॥ ४३ ॥
jyotir yathaivodaka-pārthiveṣv adaḥ samīra-vegānugataṁ vibhāvyate evaṁ sva-māyā-raciteṣv asau pumān guṇeṣu rāgānugato vimuhyati
正如月亮、太阳与群星之光映在油水之中，因风动而时圆时长、形相各异；同样，众生之灵（jīva）随自我幻力（māyā）所造诸性（guṇa）而起贪著，由无明而迷惑，将种种显现误认作自我。
This verse gives a very good example by which to understand the different positions of the eternal spiritual soul in the material world and how the soul takes on different bodies ( dehāntara-prāptiḥ ). The moon is stationary and is one, but when it is reflected in water or oil, it appears to take different shapes because of the movements of the wind. Similarly, the soul is the eternal servant of Kṛṣṇa, the Supreme Personality of Godhead, but when put into the material modes of nature, it takes different bodies, sometimes as a demigod, sometimes a man, a dog, a tree and so on. By the influence of māyā, the illusory potency of the Supreme Personality of Godhead, the living entity thinks that he is this person, that person, American, Indian, cat, dog, tree or whatever. This is called māyā. When one is freed from this bewilderment and understands that the soul does not belong to any shape of this material world, one is situated on the spiritual platform ( brahma-bhūta ).
FAQs
This verse explains that the jīva becomes bewildered by the guṇas produced by the Lord’s māyā, especially when the mind follows attachment (rāga), mistaking shifting material appearances for the self.
He uses an analogy: a reflection seems to move due to external disturbance, though light itself is unchanged—similarly, the soul appears bound and tossed about because of identification with māyā’s guṇas.
Notice how emotions and identity shift with circumstances like a reflection on disturbed water; reduce rāga through sādhana (hearing, chanting, remembrance) and make choices that increase sattva and devotion.