Mantra 2

Sukta 50

Sanskrit (Devanagari)

तर्द है पतङ्ग है जभ्य हा उपक्वस । ब्रह्मेवासंस्थितं हविरनदन्त इमान् यवानहिंसन्तो अपोदित

IAST Transliteration

tardá hai pataṅgá hai jábhya hā́ upákvasa | bráhma ivā́saṃsthitaṃ havír anádanta imā́n yavā́n ahiṃsántaḥ apóditá

English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)

Tarda—away! Patanga—away! Jabhya—begone! Upakvasa—avaunt! Like brahman set firm is the oblation: bite not these barleys, harm them not; depart ye hence.

Translation

塔尔达，去！帕坦伽，去！贾卜雅，退散！乌帕克瓦萨，滚开！如婆罗门之力坚立者，是此祭供；莫啮这些大麦，莫伤害它们；从此处离去！

Word by Word

• तर्दः: Tarda (a bird/name)
• तर्दः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: तर्द (धातु) / तर्द- (प्रातिपदिक)

• है: O!/indeed (exclamatory particle)
• है: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: है (निपात)

• पतङ्गः: Patanga (bird/insect; here a named being)
• पतङ्गः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: पतङ्ग- (प्रातिपदिक)

• है: O!/indeed
• है: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: है (निपात)

• जभ्यः: Jabhya (a named being; lit. ‘jawed/biting one’ as a name)
• जभ्यः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: जभ्य- (प्रातिपदिक)

• हा: O!/alas (vocative/exclamatory)
• हा: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: हा (निपात)

• उपक्वस: Upakvasa (a named being)
• उपक्वस: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: उपक्वस- (प्रातिपदिक)

• ब्रह्म: brahman; sacred power/holy word
• ब्रह्म: Karma (as object of comparison/identification)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ब्रह्मन्- (प्रातिपदिक)

• इव: like, as
• इव: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इव (निपात)

• आसंस्थितम्: set/placed/established
• आसंस्थितम्: Karma (qualifying ‘हविः’/or predicative)
• Type: Participle (Adjectival)
• Root: सम्-स्था (धातु) → आ-सम्-स्थित (कृदन्त)

• हविः: oblation, offering
• हविः: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: हविस्- (प्रातिपदिक)

• अनदन्तः: sounding/roaring (chanting)
• अनदन्तः: Kartā
• Type: Participle (Adjectival)
• Root: नद् (धातु) → अनदन्त् (वर्तमान कृदन्त)

• इमान्: these
• इमान्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: इदम् (सर्वनाम)

• यवान्: barleys (grains)
• यवान्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: यव- (प्रातिपदिक)

• अहिंसन्तः: not injuring, harmless
• अहिंसन्तः: Kartā
• Type: Participle (Adjectival)
• Root: हिंस् (धातु) → अ-हिंसन्त् (वर्तमान कृदन्त)

• अपः: waters
• अपः: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: अप्/आप्- (प्रातिपदिक)

• उदित: at sunrise/when risen (of the sun)
• उदित: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Participle (Adjectival)
• Root: उद्-इ (धातु) → उदित (कृदन्त)

Attribution

Rishi: Atharvanic tradition (rṣi not specified in the provided excerpt)

Devata: Brahman (mantric power) as protective principle; secondarily the addressed pests as targets

Chandas: Mixed/irregular (name-calls and imperatives; requires full hymn audit)

Mantra Rasa

{"primary_rasa":"vira","secondary_rasa":"raudra","emotional_arc":"Sharp expulsion → firm stabilization → confident protection.","listener_experience":"Quick clearing of space; a sense that the pantry is ‘consecrated’ and therefore safer.","intensity":6}