Sutra 16

Devanagari script

कृतकः स्वाभाविकश्च विनयः ॥ कZ_०१.५.०३ ॥

Transliteration

kṛtakaḥ svābhāvikaś ca vinayaḥ

Translation

纪律（vinaya）有两种：后天习得的（经训练）与先天自然的（与生俱来）。

Word by Word

• कृतकः: acquired / cultivated (discipline)
• Type: Adjective (Participle used as Noun/Adj.)
• Root: कृ
• Form: प्रातिपदिक: कृतक (कृ + क्त, ‘made/produced’); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-एकवचन; विशेषणम् (विनयस्य)

• स्वाभाविकः: natural / innate (discipline)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: भू
• Form: समास: स्वभावस्य इति स्वाभाविक; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-एकवचन; विशेषणम् (विनयस्य)

• च: and
• Type: Particle (Conjunction)
• Root: च
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक-अव्ययम्

• विनयः: discipline; training; good conduct
• Type: Noun
• Root: नी
• Form: प्रातिपदिक: विनय; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-एकवचन; कर्तृ/विषय-रूपेण (उद्देश्य: ‘विनयः’—discipline is of two kinds)

Entities Mentioned

• vinaya

More Details

FAQs

What is the policy implication of two kinds of vinaya?

Rulers should both select for stable character (innate discipline) and invest in systematic training (acquired discipline) for officials and enforcers.