Sutra 23

Devanagari script

तेन तपोवनविवीतमहापथश्मशानदेवकुलयजनपुण्यस्थानविवादा व्याख्याताः । इति मर्यादास्थापनम् ॥ कZ_०३.९.२३ ॥

Transliteration

tena tapovanavivītamahāpathaśmaśānadevakulayajanapuṇyasthānavivādā vyākhyātāḥ | iti maryādāsthāpanam

Translation

依此同一规则，关于苦行林、禁林、官道、大道、火葬场/墓地、寺庙、祭祀处以及其他神圣或有功德之地的争讼，亦可解释。至此，“设立边界”一节结束。

Word by Word

• तेन: thereby; by that (rule/precedent)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: sarvanāma-śabda; tṛtīyā-vibhaktiḥ; ekavacanam; napuṃsakaliṅgam (instrumental: 'by that/thereby')

• तपोवन: ascetics’ grove (hermitage-forest)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तपस् + वन
• Form: napuṃsakaliṅga; prathamā-vibhaktiḥ; bahuvacanam (as member of a compound list)

• विवीत: enclosed (fenced/cordoned) ground
• Type: Noun (PPP used substantively)
• Root: वि + वे (वे/वय्)
• Form: napuṃsakaliṅga; prathamā-vibhaktiḥ; bahuvacanam; past passive participle used as noun: 'enclosed/hedged place'

• महापथ: high road; highway
• Type: Noun
• Root: महा + पथ
• Form: puṃlliṅga; prathamā-vibhaktiḥ; bahuvacanam (as member of list)

• श्मशान: cremation ground
• Type: Noun
• Root: श्मशान
• Form: napuṃsakaliṅga; prathamā-vibhaktiḥ; bahuvacanam (as member of list)

• देवकुल: temple; shrine (deity’s house)
• Type: Noun
• Root: देव + कुल
• Form: napuṃsakaliṅga; prathamā-vibhaktiḥ; bahuvacanam (as member of list)

• यजन: sacrifice; ritual worship (site/act)
• Type: Noun (action noun)
• Root: यज्
• Form: napuṃsakaliṅga; prathamā-vibhaktiḥ; bahuvacanam (as member of list); kṛdanta-noun from √yaj

• पुण्यस्थान: holy place; sacred spot
• Type: Noun
• Root: पुण्य + स्थान
• Form: napuṃsakaliṅga; prathamā-vibhaktiḥ; bahuvacanam (as member of list)

• विवादाः: disputes; litigations
• Type: Noun
• Root: वि + वद्
• Form: puṃlliṅga; prathamā-vibhaktiḥ; bahuvacanam

• व्याख्याताः: have been explained; have been set forth
• Type: Verb (PPP)
• Root: वि + आ + ख्या
• Form: past passive participle; prathamā-vibhaktiḥ; bahuvacanam; puṃlliṅga (agreeing with 'vivādāḥ'): 'have been explained/defined'

• इति: thus; so (ends the statement)
• Type: Particle
• Root: इति
• Form: avyaya; quotation/closure marker

• मर्यादास्थापनम्: establishment of boundaries; boundary-fixing
• Type: Noun
• Root: मर्यादा + स्थापन
• Form: napuṃsakaliṅga; prathamā-vibhaktiḥ; ekavacanam; chapter/topic colophon-style noun

Entities Mentioned

• mahāpatha (highway)
• śmaśāna (cremation ground)
• devakula (temple)
• tapovana (ascetic grove)

More Details

FAQs

What policy move is made by extending boundary rules to highways and sacred sites?

It standardizes dispute handling across mixed land categories (public, sacred, reserved), preventing forum-shopping and protecting high-value communal assets.