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Sutra 47

चारहस्ताच्च निष्पाते प्रदेष्टव्यः पराजयः ॥ कZ_०३.१.४७च्द् ॥

cārahastācca niṣpāte pradeṣṭavyaḥ parājayaḥ

如果证人的证词即便在四肘(hasta)的距离之内就“失效/站不住脚”,则应判其败诉(失去案件/承担刑罚后果)。

चतुर्-हस्तात्from a distance of four cubits
चतुर्-हस्तात्:
TypeNoun
Rootहस्त
Formपुंलिङ्ग; पञ्चमी-एकवचन; चतुर् (संख्या/विशेषण) + हस्त (न.) → चतुर्-हस्त ‘चार हाथ’; पञ्चमी ‘से/पर’
and / also
:
TypeParticle
Root
Formसमुच्चय-अव्यय
निष्पातेin the event of a sudden attack/rush
निष्पाते:
TypeNoun
Rootनिष्पात
Formपुंलिङ्ग; सप्तमी-एकवचन; अधिकरण ‘में/पर’; अर्थः ‘आकस्मिक आक्रमण/धावा/झपट्टा’
प्रदेष्टव्यःshould be prescribed/assigned (as a rule/penalty)
प्रदेष्टव्यः:
TypeVerb (Gerundive/Obligative)
Rootप्र + दिś (दिश्)
Formकृदन्त; विधिलिङ्गार्थक-कर्तव्यता; भविष्यत्कर्तव्य (gerundive) -तव्यत्; प्र-उपसर्ग; पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा-एकवचन; कर्मणि/भावे प्रयोगः ‘प्रदातव्यः/निर्देष्टव्यः’
पराजयःdefeat (as the prescribed outcome/penalty)
पराजयः:
TypeNoun
Rootपराजय
Formपुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा-एकवचन; कर्तृ/विधेय-नाम
W
witness (sākṣi) [implied]
C
court/judge [implied]

FAQs

A concrete procedural threshold: if a story collapses almost immediately under scrutiny, the court should quickly assign an adverse outcome rather than prolong proceedings.

It reduces judicial delay, discourages frivolous/false claims, and increases predictability of adjudication.