Sutra 41
Devanagari script
अरक्षितुर्वा क्षेप्तुर्वा मिथ्यादण्डमतोऽन्यथा ॥ कZ_०३.१.४१च्द् ॥
Transliteration
arakṣitur vā kṣeptur vā mithyādaṇḍam ato 'nyathā
Translation
否则，对于不加保护或施行压迫/将人置于危害者，其惩罚便成了错误的惩罚（mithyādaṇḍa）。
Word by Word
अरक्षितुःof the protector/guardian (custodian)
अरक्षितुः:
TypeNoun (agent noun)
Rootरक्ष्
Formषष्ठी-एकवचनम्; पुंलिङ्ग; कर्तृवाचक-तृच् (तृ) प्रत्ययान्त (रक्षितृ)
वाor
वा:
TypeParticle
Rootवा
Formविकल्पार्थक-अव्यय (disjunctive ‘or’)
क्षेप्तुःof the thrower/one who causes casting/placing (instigator)
क्षेप्तुः:
TypeNoun (agent noun)
Rootक्षिप्
Formषष्ठी-एकवचनम्; पुंलिङ्ग; कर्तृवाचक-तृच् (तृ) प्रत्ययान्त (क्षेप्तृ)
वाor
वा:
TypeParticle
Rootवा
Formविकल्पार्थक-अव्यय
मिथ्या-दण्डम्a wrongful/erroneous punishment (fine)
मिथ्या-दण्डम्:
TypeNoun (compound)
Rootमिथ्या + दण्ड
Formद्वितीया-एकवचनम्; पुंलिङ्ग; ‘मिथ्या’ (अव्यय/विशेषणभाव) + ‘दण्ड’ (punishment/fine)
अतःtherefore
अतः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअतः
Formहेतौ/तस्मात्-अर्थे अव्यय (therefore/for this reason)
अन्यथाotherwise; in a different/contrary way
अन्यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअन्यथा
Formप्रकारार्थक-अव्यय (otherwise/in another manner)
Entities Mentioned
P
protector/king (implicit)D
daṇḍa (punishment)FAQs
Punishment is legitimate only when tied to the protection duty and lawful procedure; dereliction or oppression converts daṇḍa into injustice.