Sutra 13

Devanagari script

तत्रापि क्रुद्धेनार्तेन मत्तेनोन्मत्तेनावगृहीतेन वा कृता व्यवहारा न सिध्येयुः ॥ कZ_०३.१.१३ ॥

Transliteration

tatrāpi kruddhena ārtena mattena unmattena avagṛhītena vā kṛtā vyavahārā na sidhyeyuḥ

Translation

即便在这些情形中，由愤怒者、困苦者、醉酒者、疯癫者或受拘束/胁迫者所为之交易亦不成立。

Word by Word

• तत्र: there; in that context (i.e., in that matter)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तत्र
• Form: अव्यय (देश/प्रसङ्ग-सूचक)

• अपि: also; even
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि
• Form: अव्यय (समुच्चय/अपि-कार)

• क्रुद्धेन: by/with an angry (person)
• Type: Noun (Participle used adjectivally)
• Root: क्रुध्
• Form: कृदन्त (क्त, भूतकृदन्त) ‘क्रुद्ध’ ; तृतीया एकवचन, पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग (करण/हेतु)

• आर्तेन: by/with a distressed/afflicted (person)
• Type: Noun (Adjective)
• Root: ऋ
• Form: विशेषण ‘आर्त’ ; तृतीया एकवचन, पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग

• मत्तेन: by/with an intoxicated (person)
• Type: Noun (Participle/Adjective)
• Root: मद्
• Form: कृदन्त/विशेषण ‘मत्त’ ; तृतीया एकवचन, पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग

• उन्मत्तेन: by/with an insane (person)
• Type: Noun (Adjective)
• Root: मद्
• Form: उपसर्ग-युक्त विशेषण ‘उन्मत्त’ ; तृतीया एकवचन, पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग

• अवगृहीतेन: by/with one who is under restraint/seized/overpowered (i.e., not in free control)
• Type: Noun (Past participle used adjectivally)
• Root: अव-ग्रह्
• Form: कृदन्त (क्त) ‘अवगृहीत’ ; तृतीया एकवचन, पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग

• वा: or
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वा
• Form: अव्यय (विकल्प)

• कृताः: made; concluded; executed
• Type: Noun (Past participle)
• Root: कृ
• Form: कृदन्त (क्त) ‘कृत’ ; प्रथमा बहुवचन, स्त्रीलिङ्ग (व्यवहाराः इति विशेष्येण सह)

• व्यवहाराः: legal proceedings; judicial transactions/cases
• Type: Noun
• Root: व्यवहार
• Form: प्रथमा बहुवचन, पुंलिङ्ग

• न: not
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न
• Form: निषेध-अव्यय

• सिध्येयुः: would be valid/stand; would be established (legally)
• Type: Verb
• Root: सिध्
• Form: लिङ् (विधिलिङ्/सम्भावना), परस्मैपदम्, प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन

Entities Mentioned

• contracting parties
• custodial authority (implied)

More Details

FAQs

How does this sūtra define non-consensual or impaired consent?

It treats heightened emotion, distress, intoxication, insanity, and physical restraint as conditions that defeat valid consent and thus invalidate transactions.