Sutra 35

Devanagari script

यथा न भक्षयन्त्यर्थं भक्षितं निर्वमन्ति वा ॥ कZ_०२.९.३५च्द् ॥

Transliteration

yathā na bhakṣayanti arthaṃ bhakṣitaṃ nirvamanti vā

Translation

使他们既不“吞吃”财政收入，也不把已吞下的“吐”出来（即在侵吞之后隐匿或操纵返还/赔偿）。

Word by Word

• यथा: just as; in the manner that
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यथा
• Form: अव्यय; उपमान/रीति-वाचक (yathā = ‘just as/as’)

• न: not
• Type: Particle
• Root: न
• Form: निषेध-अव्यय (negation)

• भक्षयन्ति: they eat; they consume
• Type: Verb
• Root: भक्ष्
• Form: लट् (वर्तमान); परस्मैपदम्; प्र.पुरुष; बहुवचनम्; धातु: भक्ष् (भक्षणे)

• अर्थम्: wealth; resources; (lit.) the ‘artha’
• Type: Noun
• Root: अर्थ
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; एकवचन; द्वितीया विभक्ति

• भक्षितम्: that which has been eaten; consumed
• Type: Participle
• Root: भक्ष्
• Form: कृदन्त (क्त); नपुंसकलिङ्ग; एकवचन; द्वितीया विभक्ति; ‘भक्षित’ = eaten/consumed

• निर्वमन्ति: they vomit out; they expel
• Type: Verb
• Root: नि√वम्
• Form: लट् (वर्तमान); परस्मैपदम्; प्र.पुरुष; बहुवचनम्; उपसर्ग: निर्; धातु: वम् (वमने)

• वा: or
• Type: Particle
• Root: वा
• Form: विकल्पार्थक-अव्यय (disjunctive ‘or’)

Entities Mentioned

• officials (implied)

More Details

FAQs

Why mention both ‘eating’ and ‘vomiting’ in fiscal governance?

Kautilya targets both initial misappropriation and post-detection games—partial repayments, falsified accounts, or strategic returns to avoid punishment.