तुलामानान्तरं हस्तपूरणमुत्करो व्याजी पर्युषितं प्रार्जितं चोपस्थानम् । इति ॥ कZ_०२.१५.११ ॥
tulā-mānāntaraṃ hastapūraṇam utkaro vyājī paryuṣitaṃ prārjitaṃ copasthānam | iti.
称量/计量差异、“手填”(用手暗中多添或少给)、堆高、掺假/虚假交易、陈旧存货以及隐匿囤积——这些都是「upasthāna」的(表现),即应加以查禁的异常操弄。至此。
It functions as an inspection checklist: specific fraud modes are named so enforcement can be consistent and evidence-based.
Comparable to standard operating procedures for quality control, metrology compliance, and inventory audit red flags.