Sutra 3

Devanagari script

शुक्तिः शङ्खः प्रकीर्णकं च योनयः ॥ कZ_०२.११.०३ ॥

Transliteration

śuktiḥ śaṅkhaḥ prakīrṇakaṃ ca yonayaḥ

Translation

牡蛎壳（śukti）、海螺壳（śaṅkha）以及分散/多样的来源（prakīrṇaka），是珍珠的起源（yonayaḥ）。

Word by Word

• शुक्तिः: oyster-shell; pearl-oyster (shell)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शुक्ति
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्गः, प्रथमा-एकवचनम्

• शङ्खः: conch-shell
• Type: Noun
• Root: शङ्ख
• Form: पुंलिङ्गः, प्रथमा-एकवचनम्

• प्रकीर्णकम्: miscellaneous items; a mixed/assorted category
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रकीर्णक
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्गः, प्रथमा-एकवचनम्

• च: and
• Type: Particle
• Root: च
• Form: अव्ययम् (समुच्चयार्थक-निपातः)

• योनयः: sources; places of origin (of the commodities)
• Type: Noun
• Root: योनि
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्गः, प्रथमा-बहुवचनम्

Entities Mentioned

• śukti (oyster)
• śaṅkha (conch)

More Details

FAQs

What administrative purpose does ‘yonayaḥ’ serve here?

It supports verification protocols—knowing plausible origins helps detect counterfeit or misdeclared pearls in treasury receipts or trade taxation.

How does origin knowledge reduce corruption?

It narrows discretion in valuation and makes fraudulent substitution easier to prove during inspection.