Sutra 24
Devanagari script
अतिदुर्गप्रतिष्टब्धं वा सामन्ताटविकतत्कुलीनापरुद्धानामन्यतमेनावग्राहयेत् ॥ कZ_०९.३.२४ ॥
Transliteration
atidurgapratiṣṭabdhaṃ vā sāmantāṭavikatatkulīnāparuddhānām anyatamenāvagrāhayet
Translation
或者，如果（敌对势力）深固于极其坚固的要塞之中，他应当借助下列任一者加以牵制：邻近的封臣（sāmanta）、林野部族/山林集团（āṭavika）、同族同宗者（tatkulīna），或被拘押/作为人质者（aparuddha）。
Word by Word
अतिदुर्गप्रतिष्टब्धम्strongly secured by an extremely strong fort / very strongly fortified
अतिदुर्गप्रतिष्टब्धम्:
TypeAdjective (Past Passive Participle used adjectivally)
Rootप्रति-√स्तभ् (स्तम्भ्)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, एकवचन, प्रथमा/द्वितीया; PPP (क्त) ‘प्रतिष्टब्ध’ with upasarga ‘प्रति-’; compounded with ‘अति-दुर्ग’
वाor
वा:
TypeParticle
Rootवा
Formविकल्पार्थक अव्यय (disjunctive ‘or’)
सामन्त(of) feudatory/border chiefs
सामन्त:
TypeNoun
Rootसामन्त
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी बहुवचन (as first member in a genitive compound-chain)
आटविक(of) forest-tribes/forest chiefs
आटविक:
TypeNoun/Adjective (used as noun)
Rootआटविक
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी बहुवचन (continuing the genitive chain)
तत्कुलीन(of) their own kinsmen/men of their house
तत्कुलीन:
TypeAdjective (used substantively)
Rootतत् + कुलीन
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी बहुवचन; ‘तत्’ (their) + ‘कुलीन’ (of the same lineage/house)
अपरुद्धानाम्of those who are blocked/besieged/confined
अपरुद्धानाम्:
TypeNoun (Past Passive Participle used substantively)
Rootअप-√रुध्
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी बहुवचन; PPP (क्त) ‘अपरुद्ध’ = restrained/blocked/besieged/confined
अन्यतमेनby one (of them), by any one
अन्यतमेन:
TypePronoun/Adjective (used substantively)
Rootअन्यतम
Formपुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया एकवचन; instrumental ‘by one of (them)’
अवग्राहयेत्should cause to be seized/secured; should bring under control
अवग्राहयेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootअव-√ग्रह् (ग्रह)
Formकारक: परस्मैपदी; विधिलिङ्/आज्ञार्थे (optative), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; causative (णिच्) ‘अवग्राहयति’ = cause to seize/hold down, bring under control
Entities Mentioned
S
sāmantaĀ
āṭavikaT
tatkulīnaA
aparuddha (hostage/detained person)FAQs
Kinship networks can apply reputational and relational pressure where direct coercion is costly or ineffective.