Sutra 34
Devanagari script
तैरभ्युच्चितस्तृतीयं चतुर्थं वा दण्डस्यांशं मूले पार्ष्ण्यां प्रत्यन्ताटवीषु च रक्षा विधाय कार्यसाधनसहं कोशदण्डं चादाय क्षीणपुराणभक्तमगृहीतनवभक्तमसंस्कृतदुर्गममित्रं वार्षिकं चास्य सस्यं हैमनं च मुष्टिमुपहन्तुं मार्गशीर्षीं यात्रां यायात् ॥ कZ_०९.१.३४ ॥
Transliteration
tair abhyuccitas tṛtīyaṃ caturthaṃ vā daṇḍasyāṃśaṃ mūle pārṣṇyāṃ pratyantāṭavīṣu ca rakṣā vidhāya kāryasādhanasahaṃ kośadaṇḍaṃ ca ādāya kṣīṇapurāṇabhaktam agṛhītanavabhaktam asaṃskṛtadurgam amitraṃ vārṣikaṃ cāsya sasyaṃ haimanaṃ ca muṣṭim upahantuṃ mārgaśīrṣīṃ yātrāṃ yāyāt
Translation
在作出这些评估之后，应留出军队的三分之一或四分之一，用以守卫根本基地、后方、前方、边境以及边境森林地带；并携带足以完成目标的国库与兵力，于摩伽尸罗月（Mārgaśīrṣa）出征，打击那种旧粮已尽、新粮未稳、堡垒未备之敌，并在作物尚处于“把握”（早期/有限）阶段时，毁伤其雨季与冬季庄稼。
Word by Word
तैःby/with those
तैः:
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formsarvanāma; instrumental plural; masculine/neuter; ‘by/with those (troops/men)’
अभ्युच्चितःhaving been increased/augmented
अभ्युच्चितः:
TypeParticiple
Rootउत् + चि
Formkṛdanta (past passive participle); nominative singular masculine; ‘raised/augmented’
तृतीयम्a third (share)
तृतीयम्:
TypeAdjective (ordinal)
Rootतृतीय
Formaccusative singular neuter; used as ‘a third (part)’
चतुर्थम्a fourth (share)
चतुर्थम्:
TypeAdjective (ordinal)
Rootचतुर्थ
Formaccusative singular neuter; used as ‘a fourth (part)’
वाor
वा:
TypeParticle
Rootवा
Formvibhāṣā/option particle
दण्डस्यof the daṇḍa (force/punitive power; army)
दण्डस्य:
TypeNoun
Rootदण्ड
Formgenitive singular masculine; ‘of punishment/force/army’
अंशम्a share/portion
अंशम्:
TypeNoun
Rootअंश
Formaccusative singular masculine; object of implied ‘to take/assign’
मूलेat the base
मूले:
TypeNoun
Rootमूल
Formlocative singular neuter; ‘at the base’
पार्ष्ण्याम्at the rear/heel (rear position)
पार्ष्ण्याम्:
TypeNoun
Rootपार्ष्णि
Formlocative singular feminine; ‘at the heel/rear’ (of the army/position)
प्रत्यन्ताटवीषुin the frontier forests
प्रत्यन्ताटवीषु:
TypeNoun (compound)
Rootप्रत्यन्त + अटवी
Formlocative plural feminine; ‘in frontier forests’
चand
च:
TypeParticle
Rootच
Formconjunction
रक्षाprotection/guarding
रक्षा:
TypeNoun
Rootरक्षा
Formaccusative singular feminine; object of ‘विधाय’
विधायhaving arranged/provided
विधाय:
TypeGerund
Rootवि + धा
Formabsolutive (ktvā/lyap); ‘having arranged/provided’
कार्यसाधनसहम्sufficient/capable for accomplishing the operation
कार्यसाधनसहम्:
TypeAdjective (compound)
Rootकार्य + साधन + सह
Formaccusative singular masculine; qualifies ‘कोशदण्डम्’; ‘capable of accomplishing the task’
कोशदण्डम्the treasury and the armed force (resources and coercive power)
कोशदण्डम्:
TypeNoun (compound)
Rootकोश + दण्ड
Formaccusative singular masculine; object of ‘आदाय’; ‘treasury and force’
चand
च:
TypeParticle
Rootच
Formconjunction
आदायhaving taken (along)
आदाय:
TypeGerund
Rootआ + दा
Formabsolutive; ‘having taken/bringing along’
क्षीणपुराणभक्तम्(an enemy) whose old rations/provisions are depleted
क्षीणपुराणभक्तम्:
TypeAdjective (compound)
Rootक्षीण + पुराण + भक्त
Formaccusative singular masculine; qualifies ‘अमित्रम्’; ‘one whose old provisions are exhausted’
अगृहीतनवभक्तम्(an enemy) who has not obtained fresh rations
अगृहीतनवभक्तम्:
TypeAdjective (compound)
Rootअ + गृहीत + नव + भक्त
Formaccusative singular masculine; qualifies ‘अमित्रम्’; ‘who has not secured fresh rations’
असंस्कृतदुर्गम्(an enemy) whose fortifications are not prepared/strengthened
असंस्कृतदुर्गम्:
TypeAdjective (compound)
Rootअ + संस्कृत + दुर्ग
Formaccusative singular masculine; qualifies ‘अमित्रम्’; ‘whose fort is not prepared/strengthened’
अमित्रम्the enemy
अमित्रम्:
TypeNoun
Rootअमित्र
Formaccusative singular masculine; object of ‘उपहन्तुम्’ (to strike)
वार्षिकम्the rainy-season (crop)
वार्षिकम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootवार्षिक
Formaccusative singular neuter; qualifies ‘सस्यम्’; ‘rainy-season (crop)’
चand
च:
TypeParticle
Rootच
Formconjunction
अस्यof him/of it (the enemy’s)
अस्य:
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
Formgenitive singular masculine/neuter; ‘of him/its’ (of the enemy)
सस्यम्crop/standing grain
सस्यम्:
TypeNoun
Rootसस्य
Formaccusative singular neuter; object related to ‘उपहन्तुम्’ (to damage)
हैमनम्the winter (crop)
हैमनम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootहैमन
Formaccusative singular neuter; qualifies ‘सस्यम्’; ‘winter (crop)’
चand
च:
TypeParticle
Rootच
Formconjunction
मुष्टिम्by handfuls / in small lots
मुष्टिम्:
TypeNoun
Rootमुष्टि
Formaccusative singular feminine; adverbial accusative ‘by the handful/partly’ or object ‘a handful’
उपहन्तुम्to strike/harass/damage
उपहन्तुम्:
TypeVerb (infinitive)
Rootउप + हन्
Formtumun infinitive; ‘to strike/damage/harass’
मार्गशीर्षीम्a campaign-march in (the month of) Mārgaśīrṣa
मार्गशीर्षीम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootमार्गशीर्ष
Formaccusative singular feminine; qualifies ‘यात्राम्’; ‘(in the month) Mārgaśīrṣa’
यात्राम्an expedition/campaign
यात्राम्:
TypeNoun
Rootयात्रा
Formaccusative singular feminine; object of ‘यायात्’
यायात्should go / should undertake (the march)
यायात्:
TypeVerb
Rootया
Formoptative (vidhiliṅ); 3rd person singular; parasmaipada; ‘should go/should undertake’
Entities Mentioned
D
daṇḍa (army/force)K
kośa (treasury)M
mūla (base)P
pārṣṇi (rear)P
pratyanta (frontier)Ā
āṭavī (forest-marches)A
amitra (enemy)M
mārgaśīrṣa (month/seasonal window)FAQs
To prevent strategic surprise at the base, rear, and borders while the main force is away—war is treated as a whole-of-state security problem, not only a battlefield problem.
It maximizes pressure on the enemy’s administrative supply system, increasing desertion, unrest, and bargaining leverage while minimizing your own operational risk.