Adhyaya 121
अध्याय १२१ — ज्योतिःशास्त्रम् (Jyotiḥśāstra / Astral Science)
火神阿耆尼开示《Jyotiḥśāstra》（占星/天文之学）为一门能辨别吉凶、裁断成败的判别之学，并称其为广大知识的凝缩精髓。本章遂成择时（muhūrta）之规：以月宿（nakṣatra）关系衡量婚配相合，戒避 ṣaṭkāṣṭaka 等不利组合；又警示某些行星互换与“燃烧”（近日失势）之下的婚姻，尤重木星与金星之条件，并规定木星逆行或行速过疾时的禁忌时段。其择时法并推广至诸萨姆斯卡拉（saṃskāra）如 puṃsavana、annaprāśana、cūḍā/karṇavedha 及与 upanayana 相关仪式，亦及医药、为解病而沐浴，以及商贸中依月宿而定买卖之宜。第二层则引入咒法与类“坛城/护符”之应用：Śrīṃ–Hrīṃ sampuṭa、stambhana、mṛtyu-nivāraṇa 等，融入择时体系。章末并述占断要诀：依宫位之果报、navatārā-bala/tārā-bala 之分类、Tripuṣkara 组合、由 karaṇa 观 saṅkrānti（入宫/节令交替）之征兆、日月食功德之教义，以及诸行星 daśā（行运期）之时长。通篇显示：择时乃 dharma 之工具，统摄仪式效验、社会安定、富饶兴盛与护佑防灾。
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Frequently Asked Questions
It codifies electional rules (muhūrta) using tithi–vāra–nakṣatra–rāśi and planetary conditions (e.g., ṣaṭkāṣṭaka incompatibility; Jupiter’s vakra/aticāra bans; combust Jupiter–Venus cautions), and it systematizes tārā-bala (Janma through Paramamitra) for judging suitability.
By treating timing, purity, and corrective rites as dharma-governed disciplines, it makes worldly actions (marriage, saṃskāras, building, trade, warfare-preparation) instruments of right order; correct performance generates merit and steadiness of mind, supporting the broader puruṣārtha trajectory toward mokṣa.
Vivāha (marriage), karṇavedha (ear-piercing), puṃsavana (prenatal rite), annaprāśana (first feeding), cūḍākaraṇa (tonsure), makhalā-bandhana (girdle rite), and samāvartana (graduation/return-from-studentship) are each assigned favorable and avoidable tithis, weekdays, and nakṣatras.
Yes—procedures using Śrīṃ–Hrīṃ sampuṭa on an eight-petalled diagram, stambhana (immobilization) rites with “oṃ hūṃ saḥ,” and mṛtyu-nivāraṇa (warding off death) charms written on bhūrja/cloth with specified substances are integrated into the timing framework.
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