Skanda Purana — Prabhasa Khanda, Shloka 31

Devanagari script

सूर्यशक्रादयो देवा ब्रह्मरुद्रादयो गणाः । नित्यमेव समायांति जागरे कृष्णवल्लभे

Transliteration

sūryaśakrādayo devā brahmarudrādayo gaṇāḥ | nityameva samāyāṃti jāgare kṛṣṇavallabhe

Translation

Mặt Trời (Sūrya), Đế Thích (Śakra) cùng các chư thiên khác, và các đoàn chúng do Phạm Thiên (Brahmā) và Rudra đứng đầu, quả thật mỗi ngày đều đến dự lễ thức canh thức đêm—điều được Kṛṣṇa yêu quý.

Word by Word

• sūrya-śakra-ādayaḥ: Surya, Indra and others
• sūrya-śakra-ādayaḥ: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sūrya (प्रातिपदिक) + śakra (प्रातिपदिक) + ādi (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन — समाहार-द्वन्द्व/समुच्चयार्थः; ‘सूर्यशक्रादयः’ (Surya, Indra, etc.)

• devāḥ: gods
• devāḥ: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: deva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन — ‘देवाः’

• brahma-rudra-ādayaḥ: Brahma, Rudra and others
• brahma-rudra-ādayaḥ: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: brahman (प्रातिपदिक) + rudra (प्रातिपदिक) + ādi (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन — समुच्चयार्थ-द्वन्द्व; ‘ब्रह्मरुद्रादयः’ (Brahma, Rudra, etc.)

• gaṇāḥ: hosts
• gaṇāḥ: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: gaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन — ‘गणाः’ (groups/hosts)

• nityam: always
• nityam: Kriya-visheshana (Adverbial/क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: nitya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्यय (क्रियाविशेषणवत् नपुंसक-द्वितीया-एकवचन प्रयोगः) — ‘नित्यं’ (always)

• eva: indeed/only
• eva: Sambandha (Particle/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: eva (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (निपात; अवधारण)

• samāyānti: come together
• samāyānti: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: sam-ā-√yā (धातु)
• Form: लट् (वर्तमान), प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन — परस्मैपद; ‘समायान्ति’ (they come/assemble)

• jāgare: in the vigil
• jāgare: Adhikarana (Location/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: jāgara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th), एकवचन — अधिकरणम् (in/at the vigil)

• kṛṣṇa-vallabhe: in the Krishna-beloved (vigil)
• kṛṣṇa-vallabhe: Adhikarana (Location/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kṛṣṇa (प्रातिपदिक) + vallabha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th), एकवचन — ‘कृष्णस्य वल्लभे’ इति षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः; अधिकरणम् (in the Krishna-beloved [vigil])

Speaker

An unnamed Purāṇic narrator within Dvārakā Māhātmya

Tirtha Mahatmya

Tirtha: Kṛṣṇa-vallabha jāgara (Dvārakā)

Type: ghat

Skanda Dialogue

Listener: King (bhūpāla)

Visual Art Cues

Scene: A nightly vigil where Sūrya, Indra, and other gods arrive invisibly/visibly; Brahmā and Rudra-led hosts gather like a celestial court around the shrine beloved of Kṛṣṇa.

Characters & Entities

• Sūrya
• Śakra (Indra)
• Brahmā
• Rudra
• Kṛṣṇa

FAQs

What is the primary spiritual lesson of this shloka?

The vigil is portrayed as a cosmic event, drawing even the highest deities—magnifying its sanctity.

Which specific holy site (Tirtha) is glorified here?

Dvārakā, where Kṛṣṇa’s beloved vigil is said to attract the gods.

What ritualistic prescription is mentioned?

Participate in the vigil with the awareness that it is a divinely attended act of worship.