Skanda Purana — Prabhasa Khanda, Shloka 20

Devanagari script

श्रुत्वा हर्षं न चाप्नोति जागरं न करोति यः । प्रकटीकरोति तन्नूनं जनन्या दुर्विचेष्टितम्

Transliteration

śrutvā harṣaṃ na cāpnoti jāgaraṃ na karoti yaḥ | prakaṭīkaroti tannūnaṃ jananyā durviceṣṭitam

Translation

Người nghe điều này mà không thấy vui mừng và không thực hiện lễ thức đêm, chắc chắn kẻ đó phơi bày hành vi sai trái của mẹ mình.

Word by Word

• śrutvā: having heard
• śrutvā: Pūrvakāla-kriyā (Prior action/पूर्वकालक्रिया)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: śru (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (absolutive/gerund), अव्ययभाव (indeclinable): ‘having heard’

• harṣam: joy
• harṣam: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: harṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन (Singular)

• na: not
• na: Pratiṣedha (Negation/निषेध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: na (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेधार्थक अव्यय (negation particle)

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय (conjunction)

• āpnoti: attains / obtains
• āpnoti: Kriyā (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: āp (धातु)
• Form: लट्-लकार (Present), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (Singular)

• jāgaram: vigil
• jāgaram: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: jāgara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन (Singular)

• na: not
• na: Pratiṣedha (Negation/निषेध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: na (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेधार्थक अव्यय (negation particle)

• karoti: does / performs
• karoti: Kriyā (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: kṛ (धातु)
• Form: लट्-लकार (Present), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (Singular)

• yaḥ: who
• yaḥ: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन (Singular)

• prakaṭī-karoti: makes manifest / reveals
• prakaṭī-karoti: Kriyā (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: pra + kaṭ (धातु) + kṛ (धातु)
• Form: नामधातु/संयुक्तक्रिया (denominative/compound verb) ‘prakaṭī-√kṛ’; लट्-लकार (Present), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन

• tat: that
• tat: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन (Singular)

• nūnam: surely
• nūnam: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (Adverbial/क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: nūnam (अव्यय)
• Form: निश्चयार्थक अव्यय (particle of certainty)

• jananyā: by the mother
• jananyā: Kartṛ-karaṇa/Agent-instrument (By/through/तृतीया)
• Type: Noun
• Root: jananī (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन (Singular)

• dur-viceṣṭitam: misdeed / bad behavior
• dur-viceṣṭitam: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: dur (उपसर्ग/अव्यय) + viceṣṭita (कृदन्त/प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन (Singular); उपपद-तत्पुरुष: ‘duṣṭaṃ viceṣṭitam’ (bad conduct)

Speaker

Skanda (Kārttikeya)

Tirtha Mahatmya

Tirtha: Dvārakā

Type: kshetra

Skanda Dialogue

Listener: Skanda (Ṣaḍānana)

Visual Art Cues

Scene: A public recitation: a speaker proclaims the merit of Hari-jāgaraṇa; most listeners brighten with joy and resolve, while one indifferent man sits unmoved in shadow—his apathy contrasted against the lamp-lit devotion around him.

Characters & Entities

• Hari (implied by context of vigil)

FAQs

What is the primary spiritual lesson of this shloka?

Indifference toward sacred instruction and refusal to practice devotion is censured; receptivity and joyful participation are upheld as marks of virtue.

Which specific holy site (Tirtha) is glorified here?

The verse occurs within the Dvārakā Māhātmya, implicitly connected to Dvārakā’s devotional observances.

What ritualistic prescription is mentioned?

Performing the night vigil (jāgaraṇa) after hearing its merits.