Skanda Purana — Mahesvara Khanda, Shloka 79
Devanagari script
घटोत्कच उवाच । न हि न्याय्याः स्वका वक्तुं पूज्यानामग्रतो गुणाः । प्रवृत्ता एव भासंते सद्गुणाश्च रवेः कराः
Transliteration
ghaṭotkaca uvāca | na hi nyāyyāḥ svakā vaktuṃ pūjyānāmagrato guṇāḥ | pravṛttā eva bhāsaṃte sadguṇāśca raveḥ karāḥ
Translation
Ghaṭotkaca nói: “Không hợp lẽ khi tự kể công trước bậc đáng tôn kính. Đức hạnh chân thật tự nó tỏa sáng—như những tia nắng mặt trời.”
Word by Word
ghaṭotkacaḥGhaṭotkaca
ghaṭotkacaḥ:
Karta (Speaker/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootghaṭotkaca (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन (Masculine, Nominative, Singular)
uvācasaid
uvāca:
Kriya (Verb/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootvac (धातु)
Formलिट्-लकार (परोक्षभूत/परिपूर्णभूत), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद (Perfect, 3rd person, singular)
nanot
na:
Sambandha (Discourse particle/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna (अव्यय)
Formनिषेधार्थक-अव्यय (negative particle)
hiindeed
hi:
Sambandha (Discourse particle/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Roothi (अव्यय)
Formनिपात-अव्यय (emphatic particle)
nyāyyāḥproper/appropriate
nyāyyāḥ:
Karta (Subject qualifier/कर्ता-विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootnyāyya (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन (Masculine, Nominative, Plural); विशेषण (agreeing with guṇāḥ)
svakāḥone's own
svakāḥ:
Karta (Subject qualifier/कर्ता-विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootsvaka (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन (Masculine, Nominative, Plural); विशेषण (own)
vaktumto speak
vaktum:
Prayojana (Purpose/प्रयोजन)
TypeVerb
Rootvac (धातु)
Formतुमुन्-प्रत्ययान्त (infinitive)
pūjyānāmof the venerable
pūjyānām:
Sambandha (Of the revered/सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootpūjya (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुल्लिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति, बहुवचन (Masculine, Genitive, Plural)
agrataḥin the presence (of)
agrataḥ:
Adhikaraṇa (Location/अधिकरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootagratas (अव्यय)
Formदेशवाचक-अव्यय (adverb: 'in front/presence')
guṇāḥqualities
guṇāḥ:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootguṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन (Masculine, Nominative, Plural)
pravṛttāḥset in motion/active
pravṛttāḥ:
Karta-predicative (Predicate/विधेय)
TypeAdjective
Rootpravṛtta (कृदन्त; √vṛt with pra-)
Formक्त-प्रत्ययान्त (past passive participle); पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन (Masculine, Nominative, Plural)
evaonly/indeed
eva:
Sambandha (Emphasis/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rooteva (अव्यय)
Formअवधारणार्थक-अव्यय (emphasis)
bhāsanteshine/appear
bhāsante:
Kriya (Verb/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootbhās (धातु)
Formलट्-लकार (वर्तमान), प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन; आत्मनेपद (Present, 3rd person, plural, Ātmanepada)
sad-guṇāḥgood qualities
sad-guṇāḥ:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootsat (प्रातिपदिक) + guṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formकर्मधारय-समास (good + qualities); पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन (Masculine, Nominative, Plural)
caand
ca:
Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय (conjunction)
raveḥof the sun
raveḥ:
Sambandha (Possessor/सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootravi (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुल्लिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति, एकवचन (Masculine, Genitive, Singular)
karāḥrays
karāḥ:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootkara (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन (Masculine, Nominative, Plural)
Speaker
Ghaṭotkaca
Skanda Dialogue
Listener: elders/pujyāḥ present in assembly (implicit)
Visual Art Cues
Scene: Ghaṭotkaca speaks respectfully, hands folded or lowered, declining to list his own merits; the imagery of sunrays can appear as a symbolic backdrop.
Characters & Entities
G
GhaṭotkacaR
Ravi (the Sun)FAQs
Humility is itself a virtue; genuine merit needs no self-advertisement and becomes evident through conduct.
None; the verse teaches interpersonal dharma and humility.
None.