तद्वत्सर्वमिदं लोके दुःखं दुःखेन शाम्यति । एवमेतज्जगत्सर्वमन्योन्यातिशयोच्छ्रितम्
tadvatsarvamidaṃ loke duḥkhaṃ duḥkhena śāmyati | evametajjagatsarvamanyonyātiśayocchritam
Cũng vậy, mọi sự trong đời đều là khổ, và khổ chỉ lắng dịu bởi chính khổ. Vì thế, toàn thể vũ trụ này đứng vững nhờ sự ganh đua quá độ—kẻ này vượt kẻ kia.
Lomaharṣaṇa (Sūta) to the sages (deduced from Māheśvarakhaṇḍa context)
Scene: A crowded marketplace of kings, merchants, and ascetics all striving to outdo one another; a spiral staircase of ‘excess’ rises upward, yet each step is marked by suffering; a calm seer observes the pattern.
Rivalry-driven life perpetuates distress; seeing this clearly supports detachment and the search for lasting peace.
No site is named; the verse presents a universal diagnosis of saṃsāra.
None is specified; the teaching is philosophical and ethical rather than ritual.