Skanda Purana — Mahesvara Khanda, Shloka 46

Devanagari script

यमः प्रादादनुचरौ यमकालोपमौ तदा । उन्माथं च प्रमाथं च महावीर्यौ महाद्युती

Transliteration

yamaḥ prādādanucarau yamakālopamau tadā | unmāthaṃ ca pramāthaṃ ca mahāvīryau mahādyutī

Translation

Bấy giờ, Diêm Vương (Yama) ban hai tùy tùng, tựa như Yama và Kāla—Unmātha và Pramātha—cả hai đều đại dũng lực và rực rỡ quang huy.

Word by Word

• यमः: Yama
• यमः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative), एकवचन (Singular)

• प्रादात्: gave
• प्रादात्: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्र + दा (धातु)
• Form: लुङ्-लकार (Aorist), प्रथम-पुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (Singular), परस्मैपद

• अनुचरौ: two attendants
• अनुचरौ: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अनुचर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative), द्विवचन (Dual)

• यम-काल-उपमौ: resembling Yama and Time (Death)
• यम-काल-उपमौ: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: यम (प्रातिपदिक) + काल (प्रातिपदिक) + उपम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास (षष्ठी/संबन्ध: यमकालस्य उपमौ); पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative), द्विवचन (Dual); विशेषण (qualifying अनुचरौ)

• तदा: then
• तदा: Kāla (काल)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तदा (अव्यय)
• Form: कालवाचक-अव्यय (temporal adverb)

• उन्माथम्: Unmātha (name)
• उन्माथम्: Apposition/Name (संज्ञा)
• Type: Noun
• Root: उन्माथ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative), एकवचन (Singular); (अनुचरयोः नाम)

• च: and
• च: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-बोधक अव्यय (conjunction)

• प्रमाथम्: Pramātha (name)
• प्रमाथम्: Apposition/Name (संज्ञा)
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रमाथ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative), एकवचन (Singular); (अनुचरयोः नाम)

• च: and
• च: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-बोधक अव्यय (conjunction)

• महावीर्यौ: of great prowess
• महावीर्यौ: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: महा (उपसर्ग/पूर्वपद) + वीर्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: कर्मधारय-समास; पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative), द्विवचन (Dual); विशेषण (qualifying अनुचरौ)

• महाद्युती: of great splendor
• महाद्युती: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: महा (पूर्वपद) + द्युति (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: कर्मधारय-समास; पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative), द्विवचन (Dual); विशेषण (qualifying अनुचरौ)

Speaker

Lomaharṣaṇa (Sūta) to the sages

Skanda Dialogue

Listener: Pārtha (Arjuna)

Visual Art Cues

Scene: Yama, dark-hued and regal, bestows two formidable attendants—Unmātha and Pramātha—radiant yet terrifying, resembling Yama and Kāla; a formal divine court scene of gifting to Skanda’s cause.

Characters & Entities

• Yama
• Kāla
• Unmātha
• Pramātha
• Skanda

FAQs

What is the primary spiritual lesson of this shloka?

Even death and time are aligned with divine order—Skanda’s work is supported by cosmic powers that uphold justice.

Which specific holy site (Tirtha) is glorified here?

None is mentioned in this verse.

What ritualistic prescription is mentioned?

None; it narrates the gifting of attendants.