तपस्तादृक्क्व वा तिष्ये तिष्ये योगः क्व तादृशः । क्व वा व्रतं क्व वा दानं तिष्ये मोक्षस्त्वतः कुतः
tapastādṛkkva vā tiṣye tiṣye yogaḥ kva tādṛśaḥ | kva vā vrataṃ kva vā dānaṃ tiṣye mokṣastvataḥ kutaḥ
Trong thời Tiṣya, đâu còn có khổ hạnh như thế? Trong Tiṣya, đâu còn có yoga như thế? Đâu còn những lời nguyện, đâu còn những bố thí như thế? Vậy trong Tiṣya, làm sao mokṣa có thể sinh từ các phương tiện ấy?
Agastya (deduced)
Tirtha: Implied: Kāśī/Avimukta as Kali-yuga refuge
Type: kshetra
Scene: A stark contrast tableau: on one side, idealized ancient ascetics performing severe tapas and yoga; on the other, Kali-yuga people distracted and hurried. A luminous Kāśī/Gaṅgā/Viśveśvara motif appears as a compassionate refuge bridging the gap.
In Kali/Tiṣya Yuga, classical disciplines are hard to perfect; the text prepares the case for a more accessible salvific support—Kāśī’s grace-centered path.
Implicitly Kāśī/Avimukta, since the argument contrasts difficult practices with the easier liberating refuge taught in the Kāśīkhaṇḍa context.
Tapas, yoga, vrata, and dāna are referenced as traditional means—here described as difficult to realize in Tiṣya yuga.