Skanda Purana — Kashi Khanda, Shloka 5

Devanagari script

अगस्त्य उवाच । पार्वतीनंदन पुनर्द्युनद्याः परितो वद । महिमोक्तो हरौ यद्वद्देवदेवेन वै तदा

Transliteration

agastya uvāca | pārvatīnaṃdana punardyunadyāḥ parito vada | mahimokto harau yadvaddevadevena vai tadā

Translation

Agastya thưa: Hỡi con của Pārvatī, xin hãy nói lại trọn vẹn về dòng sông thiên giới Gaṅgā—rằng thuở ấy, Đấng Thần của chư thần đã tuyên dương uy đức của nàng với Hari như thế nào.

Word by Word

• अगस्त्यः: Agastya
• अगस्त्यः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अगस्त्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• उवाच: said
• उवाच: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वच् (धातु)
• Form: लिट्-लकार, प्रथम-पुरुष, एकवचन, परस्मैपद

• पार्वतीनन्दन: O son of Pārvatī
• पार्वतीनन्दन: Sambodhana (Address/सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पार्वती + नन्दन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन-विभक्ति, एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (son of Pārvatī)

• पुनः: again
• पुनः: Sambandha (Relation/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: पुनः (अव्यय)
• Form: क्रियाविशेषण-अव्यय (adverb)

• द्युनद्याः: of the heavenly river
• द्युनद्याः: Sambandha (Relation/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: द्युनदी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive/6th), एकवचन

• परितः: fully, in detail
• परितः: Sambandha (Relation/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: परितः (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; परिमाण/पर्यन्तवाचक क्रियाविशेषण (adverb: fully/around)

• वद: tell, speak
• वद: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वद् (धातु)
• Form: लोट्-लकार (Imperative), मध्यम-पुरुष, एकवचन, परस्मैपद

• महिमा: the greatness
• महिमा: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: महिमा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• उक्तः: was spoken
• उक्तः: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वच् (धातु) + क्त (कृत्-प्रत्यय)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त (past passive participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विधेय (predicative)

• हरौ: in/at Hari (Viṣṇu)
• हरौ: Adhikarana (Location/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: हरि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (Locative/7th), एकवचन

• यद्वत्: as, just as
• यद्वत्: Sambandha (Relation/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यद्वत् (अव्यय)
• Form: उपमानार्थक-अव्यय (comparative particle: as/just as)

• देवदेवेन: by the God of gods
• देवदेवेन: Karana (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: देव + देव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति (Instrumental/3rd), एकवचन; कर्मधारय (god of gods)

• वै: indeed
• वै: Sambandha (Relation/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वै (अव्यय)
• Form: निश्चयार्थक-अव्यय (emphatic particle)

• तदा: then
• तदा: Kala (Time/काल)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तदा (अव्यय)
• Form: कालवाचक-अव्यय (adverb of time)

Speaker

Agastya

Tirtha Mahatmya

Tirtha: Gaṅgā (Dyunadī/Tripathagā)

Type: river

Skanda Dialogue

Listener: Skanda

Visual Art Cues

Scene: Agastya, addressed as Maitrāvaruṇa, requests Skanda (Pārvatīnandana) to narrate again the full greatness of the celestial Gaṅgā and the episode of Śiva teaching Hari.

Characters & Entities

• Agastya
• Skanda (Pārvatī-nandana)
• Gaṅgā (dyu-nadī)
• Hari (Viṣṇu)
• Deva-deva (Śiva)

FAQs

What is the primary spiritual lesson of this shloka?

Sacred knowledge is preserved through disciplined transmission: sages request, and divine teachers recount tīrtha-greatness for the welfare of all.

Which specific holy site (Tirtha) is glorified here?

Gaṅgā as the celestial river-tīrtha, within the Kāśī Khaṇḍa framework that localizes her glory in Kāśī.

What ritualistic prescription is mentioned?

None; it requests a detailed narration of Gaṅgā’s greatness.