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Shloka 57

Sadācāra–Varṇa-lakṣaṇa and Prātaḥkṛtya

Right Conduct, Social Typologies, and Morning Purification

अधर्मो हिंसिकारूपो धर्मस्तु सुखरूपकः । अधर्माद्दुःखमाप्नोति धर्माद्वै सुखमेधते

adharmo hiṃsikārūpo dharmastu sukharūpakaḥ | adharmādduḥkhamāpnoti dharmādvai sukhamedhate

Adharma mang bản chất gây tổn hại và tàn bạo, còn dharma mang bản chất an lạc và hoan hỷ. Từ adharma, người ta chắc chắn nhận lấy khổ đau; từ dharma, hạnh phúc thật sự tăng trưởng và hưng thịnh.

adharmaḥunrighteousness; adharma
adharmaḥ:
Karta/Subject (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Roota-dharma (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular
hiṃsikā-rūpaḥhaving the form of violence
hiṃsikā-rūpaḥ:
Visheshana/Predicate adjective (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Roothiṃsikā (प्रातिपदिक) + rūpa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular; तत्पुरुष-समास (षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष): हिंसिकायाः रूपः; used predicatively of adharmaḥ
dharmaḥrighteousness; dharma
dharmaḥ:
Karta/Subject (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootdharma (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
tubut
tu:
Connector (विरोध)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottu (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya (अव्यय), adversative particle (विरोधार्थक निपात)
sukha-rūpakaḥhaving the form of happiness
sukha-rūpakaḥ:
Visheshana/Predicate adjective (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootsukha (प्रातिपदिक) + rūpaka (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular; तत्पुरुष-समास: सुखरूपकः = सुखस्वरूपः; predicative of dharmaḥ
adharmātfrom adharma; due to unrighteousness
adharmāt:
Hetu/Apadana (हेतु/अपादान)
TypeNoun
Roota-dharma (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Ablative (5th/पञ्चमी), Singular
duḥkhamsorrow
duḥkham:
Karma/Object (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootduḥkha (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular
āpnotiattains
āpnoti:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√āp (आप्)
FormLaṭ-lakāra (Present/वर्तमान), Parasmaipada, 3rd Person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular
dharmātfrom dharma; due to righteousness
dharmāt:
Hetu/Apadana (हेतु/अपादान)
TypeNoun
Rootdharma (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Ablative (5th/पञ्चमी), Singular
vaiindeed
vai:
Emphasis (निश्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootvai (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya (अव्यय), emphatic particle (निश्चयार्थक निपात)
sukhamhappiness
sukham:
Karma/Object (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootsukha (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular
edhateflourishes; increases
edhate:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√edh (एध्)
FormLaṭ-lakāra (Present/वर्तमान), Ātmanepada, 3rd Person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular

Sūta Gosvāmin (narrating Śiva Purāṇa teachings to the sages at Naimiṣāraṇya)

Tattva Level: pasha

Shiva Form: Rudra

Sthala Purana: Not site-specific; defines adharma as hiṃsā and dharma as sukha, mapping moral quality to experiential fruit.

Significance: Supports ahiṃsā and dharmic living as preparatory purification (caryā) for Śiva-bhakti and eventual grace.

FAQs

It states a Shaiva ethical law of karma: harm-born conduct (adharma) ripens as suffering, while dharma—aligned with Śiva’s order and compassion—ripens as increasing well-being and inner peace.

Linga-worship is not merely ritual; it requires dharmic living. Approaching Saguna Śiva through the Linga with ahimsa and right conduct purifies the devotee, making worship fruitful rather than merely external.

Adopt ahimsa as a daily vrata, and support it with Śiva-japa (especially the pañcākṣarī, “Om Namaḥ Śivāya”) as a discipline that restrains harmful impulses and strengthens dharmic intention.