Shloka 48

Sadācāra–Varṇa-lakṣaṇa and Prātaḥkṛtya

Right Conduct, Social Typologies, and Morning Purification

Devanagari script

दिने दिने त्वतिक्रांते नित्यमेवं क्रमाज्जपेत् । मासादौ क्रमशोऽतीते सार्धलक्षजपेन हि

Transliteration

dine dine tvatikrāṃte nityamevaṃ kramājjapet | māsādau kramaśo'tīte sārdhalakṣajapena hi

Translation

Khi từng ngày trôi qua, hãy hằng ngày trì tụng đúng như vậy, theo thứ lớp. Và khi tháng (cùng các kỳ hạn đã định) lần lượt mãn, pháp tu được viên thành nhờ một trăm năm mươi nghìn lần tụng niệm thần chú.

Word by Word

• दिने: on a day
• दिने: Adhikarana (अधिकरण/काल)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दिन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन

• दिने: day by day
• दिने: Adhikarana (अधिकरण/काल)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दिन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन; पुनरुक्ति (repetition)

• तु: indeed, but
• तु: None (निपात)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात/अव्यय; emphasis/contrast

• अतिक्रान्ते: when (it) has passed
• अतिक्रान्ते: Adhikarana (अधिकरण/काल)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अति + क्रम् (धातु) → अतिक्रान्त (कृदन्त; क्त)
• Form: सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन; क्त-प्रत्ययान्त भूतकर्मणि/भूतकाले; (with implied ‘काले/समये’) ‘when (it is) passed’

• नित्यम्: always, regularly
• नित्यम्: None (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: नित्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: क्रियाविशेषणरूपेण अव्ययीभूतम् (adverbial accusative)

• एवम्: thus, in this manner
• एवम्: None (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एवम् (अव्यय)
• Form: प्रकारवाचक-अव्यय (manner adverb)

• क्रमात्: in order, gradually
• क्रमात्: Hetu/Apadana (अपादान/क्रम-आश्रय)
• Type: Noun
• Root: क्रम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी (5th/Ablative), एकवचन; ‘in due order/gradually’ (ablative of manner/source)

• जपेत्: should recite
• जपेत्: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: जप् (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (Optative), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• मासादौ: at the beginning of the month, etc.
• मासादौ: Adhikarana (अधिकरण/काल)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मास (प्रातिपदिक) + आदि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन; सप्तमी-तत्पुरुष (मासस्य आदौ)

• क्रमशः: gradually, successively
• क्रमशः: None (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: क्रमशः (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; manner adverb ‘step by step’

• अतीते: when (it) has elapsed
• अतीते: Adhikarana (अधिकरण/काल)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अति + इ (धातु) → अतीत (कृदन्त; क्त)
• Form: सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन; क्त-प्रत्ययान्त; (with implied ‘काले/समये’) ‘when (it is) elapsed’

• सार्धलक्षजपेन: by (doing) one-and-a-half-lakh recitations
• सार्धलक्षजपेन: Karana (करण/साधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सार्ध (अव्यय/उपपद) + लक्ष (प्रातिपदिक) + जप (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन; उपपद-तत्पुरुष/कर्मधारयभाव: ‘सार्धं लक्षेण’ = ‘with one-and-a-half lakh’; ‘japa’ as head; instrument of accomplishment

• हि: for, indeed
• हि: None (निपात)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: हि (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात/अव्यय; reason/emphasis

Speaker

Suta Goswami

Shaiva Theology

Tattva Level: pashu

Characters & Entities

• Shiva

FAQs

What is the spiritual significance of this verse in the Shiva Purana?

It teaches disciplined, incremental japa as a Shaiva sadhana: steady daily repetition purifies the pashu (bound soul) and turns attention toward Pati (Shiva), culminating in a vowed completion count that strengthens devotion and inner steadiness.

How does this verse relate to the worship of the Linga or Saguna Shiva?

In the Vidyeshvara context, mantra-japa is a direct mode of Saguna Shiva worship—approaching Shiva through name and mantra—often paired with Linga-puja; the counted completion (sārdha-lakṣa) functions like a vrata that intensifies bhakti and reverence for the Linga as Shiva’s gracious, accessible form.

What ritualistic or meditative practice is suggested here?

A graduated daily mantra-japa regimen culminating in one and a half lakh repetitions; practically, it implies keeping a steady count (often with a mala) and maintaining regularity over days and months as part of a vowed Shaiva practice.