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Shloka 6

Mukti-bheda-nirūpaṇa (Classification of Liberation) and Śiva as the Sole Bestower of Mokṣa

ज्ञानरूपोऽव्ययः साक्षी ज्ञानगम्योऽद्वयस्स्वयम् । कैवल्यमुक्तिदस्सोऽत्र त्रिवर्गस्य प्रदोऽपि हि

jñānarūpo'vyayaḥ sākṣī jñānagamyo'dvayassvayam | kaivalyamuktidasso'tra trivargasya prado'pi hi

Ngài là bản tính của tri thức–ý thức, bất hoại và là Nhân Chứng nội tại. Ngài được đạt đến bằng chân tri, và tự thân là Bất Nhị. Quả thật, Ngài ban giải thoát là Kaivalya; và tại đây Ngài cũng ban ba mục tiêu đời sống: dharma, artha và kāma.

ज्ञानरूपःwhose nature is knowledge
ज्ञानरूपः:
Karta (कर्ता/Predicate adjective)
TypeAdjective
Rootज्ञान + रूप (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; समासः—तत्पुरुष (jñānasya rūpaḥ = whose form is knowledge)
अव्ययःimperishable
अव्ययः:
Karta (कर्ता/Predicate adjective)
TypeAdjective
Rootअव्यय (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; विशेषणम्
साक्षीwitness
साक्षी:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootसाक्षिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन
ज्ञानगम्यःknowable (through knowledge)
ज्ञानगम्यः:
Karta (कर्ता/Predicate adjective)
TypeAdjective
Rootज्ञान + गम्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; समासः—तत्पुरुष (jñānena gamyaḥ = knowable through knowledge)
अद्वयःnon-dual
अद्वयः:
Karta (कर्ता/Predicate adjective)
TypeAdjective
Rootअद्वय (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; विशेषणम्
स्वयम्by himself; of himself
स्वयम्:
Karta (कर्ता/Emphasis)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootस्वयम् (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; आत्मार्थक-निपात (reflexive emphatic)
कैवल्यमुक्तिदःgiver of liberation (kaivalya)
कैवल्यमुक्तिदः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootकैवल्य + मुक्ति + द (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; समासः—तत्पुरुष (kaivalya-muktiṃ dadāti iti)
सःhe
सः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; सर्वनाम
अत्रhere
अत्र:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण/Location)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअत्र (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; देशवाचक-अव्यय (locative adverb)
त्रिवर्गस्यof the three aims (trivarga)
त्रिवर्गस्य:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
TypeNoun
Rootत्रि + वर्ग (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th), एकवचन; समासः—तत्पुरुष (threefold group: dharma-artha-kāma)
प्रदःgiver
प्रदः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootप्र + द (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; ‘giver/bestower’
अपिalso
अपि:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; निपात (particle: also/even)
हिindeed
हि:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; निपात (emphatic/causal: indeed/for)

Suta Goswami

Tattva Level: pati

Shiva Form: Dakṣiṇāmūrti

Significance: Supports jñāna-oriented Śiva-upāsanā: realizing Śiva as sākṣin and advaya leads to kaivalya-mukti; also legitimizes seeking trivarga under Śiva’s lordship while aiming for mokṣa.

Role: teaching

S
Shiva

FAQs

The verse presents Shiva as the imperishable inner Witness and the non-dual reality, attainable through jñāna; it teaches that realization of Shiva culminates in kaivalya (liberation), while also affirming His power to grant worldly well-being under dharma.

Though Shiva is described as non-dual consciousness (nirguṇa in essence), devotees approach Him through saguna worship such as the Jyotirlinga/Linga; the same Lord who is the inner Witness becomes accessible through sacred form, bestowing both bhukti (trivarga) and mukti (kaivalya).

A key takeaway is jñāna-oriented meditation: contemplate Shiva as the sākṣī (witness-consciousness) while maintaining devotional Linga worship; supporting Shaiva practices like japa of “Om Namaḥ Śivāya” and bhasma/rudrākṣa observances can be aligned to seek both purity and liberation.