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Shiva Purana — Kotirudra Samhita, Shloka 31

Dāruvana-parīkṣā: Śaṅkara’s Test and the Linga’s Ritual-Theological Grounding

इत्युक्तश्च मुनीशैस्तैस्सर्वलोकपितामहः । मुनीशांस्तांस्तदा ब्रह्मा स्वयं प्रोवाच वै तदा

ityuktaśca munīśaistaissarvalokapitāmahaḥ | munīśāṃstāṃstadā brahmā svayaṃ provāca vai tadā

Được các đại hiền triết ấy thưa như vậy, Brahmā—đấng Tổ phụ của muôn cõi—liền đích thân nói với chính các hiền triết ấy.

इतिthus
इति:
Vakyartha (वाक्यार्थ-सूचक)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति (अव्यय)
Formउद्धरण-समाप्तिसूचक-अव्यय (quotative particle)
उक्तःhaving been spoken to
उक्तः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeVerb
Rootवच् (धातु)
Formकृदन्त (क्त); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; कर्मणि-भावः ‘having been addressed’
and
:
Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)
मुनीशैःby the lords of sages
मुनीशैः:
Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootमुनीश (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/करण), बहुवचन
तैःby them
तैः:
Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/करण), बहुवचन; सर्वनाम
सर्व-लोक-पितामहःthe grandsire of all worlds
सर्व-लोक-पितामहः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootसर्व (प्रातिपदिक) + लोक (प्रातिपदिक) + पितामह (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/कर्ता), एकवचन; समासः तत्पुरुषः (सर्वेषां लोकानां पितामहः)
मुनीशान्the lords of sages
मुनीशान्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootमुनीश (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/कर्म), बहुवचन
तान्those
तान्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/कर्म), बहुवचन; सर्वनाम
तदाthen
तदा:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण/काल)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतदा (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; कालवाचक (temporal adverb)
ब्रह्माBrahmā
ब्रह्मा:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootब्रह्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/कर्ता), एकवचन
स्वयम्himself
स्वयम्:
Nipata (निपात)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootस्वयम् (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; आत्मवाचक/स्वतन्त्रता-बोधक (reflexive/emphatic adverb)
प्रोवाचspoke
प्रोवाच:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-√वच् (धातु)
Formलिट् (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; परस्मैपद
वैindeed
वै:
Nipata (निपात)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै (अव्यय)
Formनिश्चयार्थक-अव्यय/पादपूरण (emphatic particle)
तदाthen
तदा:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण/काल)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतदा (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; कालवाचक (temporal adverb)

Brahma

Tattva Level: pashu

Sthala Purana: Not tied to a Jyotirliṅga; it frames Brahmā (sarvaloka-pitāmaha) as the cosmic administrator who now gives practical guidance for Śiva-related stabilization.

Significance: Reinforces the legitimacy of the forthcoming rite by placing it in Brahmā’s mouth—an authorization motif often used to ground temple practice and communal observance.

B
Brahma
M
Munis (sages)

FAQs

It highlights the proper Shaiva scriptural method: sincere inquiry by realized sages and an authoritative response by a cosmic teacher (Brahmā), preparing the ground for dharma and Shiva-bhakti teachings that lead the seeker toward grace (anugraha) and liberation.

In Kotirudrasaṃhitā, the sages’ questioning and Brahmā’s direct reply typically introduce Jyotirlinga-kathā—where Shiva is approached as Saguna through the Linga, a compassionate, accessible form through which devotees receive merit, purification, and Shiva’s blessing.

The verse implies śravaṇa (devotional listening) and praśna (reverent inquiry) as core practices; in a Jyotirlinga context, this naturally supports Linga-pūjā with mantra-japa (especially the Panchakshara, “Om Namaḥ Śivāya”) and disciplined devotion.