Shloka 8

सप्तनवतितमः सर्गः (Yuddha Kāṇḍa 97): Sugrīva’s Onslaught and the Fall of Virūpākṣa

Devanagari script

पार्श्वतःपृष्ठतश्चास्यसर्वेयूथाधिपास्स्वयम् ।अनुजह्रुर्महाशैलान् विविधांश्चमहाद्रुमान् ।।।।

Transliteration

pārśvataḥ pṛṣṭhataś cāsya sarve yūthādhipāḥ svayam |

anujahrur mahāśailān vividhāṃś ca mahādrumān ||

Translation

Ở hai bên sườn và phía sau, tất cả các thủ lĩnh bầy đàn tự nguyện theo sát, vác những tảng đá khổng lồ và nhiều loại cây đại thụ.

Word by Word

• पार्श्वतः: from the side; at the flank
• पार्श्वतः: Desha-adhikarana (देशाधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: पार्श्वतः (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; देशवाचक-क्रियाविशेषण (spatial adverb)

• पृष्ठतः: from behind
• पृष्ठतः: Desha-adhikarana (देशाधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: पृष्ठतः (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; देशवाचक-क्रियाविशेषण (spatial adverb)

• च: and
• च: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चय-बोधक (conjunction)

• अस्य: of him; his
• अस्य: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: इदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति, एकवचन; Genitive, Singular (pronoun)

• सर्वे: all
• सर्वे: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सर्व (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• यूथाधिपाः: troop-leaders
• यूथाधिपाः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यूथ + अधिप (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• स्वयम्: themselves
• स्वयम्: Karta-visheshana (कर्तृविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: स्वयम् (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; आत्मार्थक-क्रियाविशेषण (emphatic adverb)

• अनुजह्रुः: followed, carrying along
• अनुजह्रुः: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: हृ (धातु) + अनु (उपसर्ग)
• Form: लिट्-लकार (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन, परस्मैपद; Perfect, 3rd person, Plural

• महाशैलान्: great rocks/mountains
• महाशैलान्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: महा + शैल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (कर्म), बहुवचन; Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• विविधान्: various
• विविधान्: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: विविध (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; Masculine, Accusative, Plural (qualifying महाशैलान्/महाद्रुमान्)

• च: and
• च: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चय-बोधक (conjunction)

• महाद्रुमान्: great trees
• महाद्रुमान्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: महा + द्रुम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (कर्म), बहुवचन; Masculine, Accusative, Plural

Context

At that time, driven by Ravana's arrows, the Vanaras fled from the battlefield just like huge clouds are dissipated by wind.

Characters & Entities

• Sugrīva
• Vānara troop-leaders (Yūthādhipas)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma as loyalty to righteous leadership: when the cause is just, collective responsibility manifests as coordinated support for the commander.

What is the narrative situation?

Sugrīva advances; the vānara commanders close in around him in supportive formation, carrying improvised weapons.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Unity and disciplined cooperation—followers act without hesitation to reinforce a leader’s dharmic mission.