Ramayana — Yuddha Kanda, Sarga 83, Shloka 4

त्र्यशीतितमः सर्गः (Sarga 83)

Hanumān Reports Sītā’s ‘Slaying’; Rāma Collapses; Lakṣmaṇa’s Counter-Discourse on Dharma and Artha

Devanagari script

ऋक्षराक्षस्तथोक्तस्तुस्वेनानीकेनसम्वृतः ।आगच्छत्पश्चिमद्वारंहनूमान्यत्रवानरः ।।6.83.4।।

Transliteration

ṛkṣarākṣas tathoktas tu svenānīkena saṃvṛtaḥ |

āgacchat paścimadvāraṃ hanūmān yatra vānaraḥ ||6.83.4||

Translation

Được dặn bảo như thế, chúa tể loài gấu, được đội quân của mình vây quanh, tiến về cửa phía tây—nơi Hánumān, vị Vānara, đang trấn giữ.

Word by Word

• ऋक्षराक्षस: the bear(-king)
• ऋक्षराक्षस: कर्ता (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ऋक्ष (प्रातिपदिक) + राक्षस (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1), एकवचन; कर्मधारय: ‘bear-like rākṣasa’ i.e., Jāmbavān (bear-king)

• तथा: thus
• तथा: क्रियाविशेषण (Adverbial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा (अव्यय)
• Form: प्रकारार्थक-अव्यय (thus/in that way)

• उक्तः: having been told
• उक्तः: विशेषण (Adjectival)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वच् (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (past passive participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1), एकवचन; ‘having been addressed/told’

• तु: then/indeed
• तु: सम्बन्ध/वाक्योपपादक (Discourse particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु (अव्यय)
• Form: विरोध/अन्वयार्थक-अव्यय (particle: but/indeed)

• स्वेन: with his own
• स्वेन: विशेषण (Adjectival)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स्व (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुं/नपुंसक, तृतीया (3), एकवचन; विशेषण of अनीकेन

• अनीकेन: with (his) troop/army
• अनीकेन: करण (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अनीक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3/करण), एकवचन

• संवृतः: surrounded
• संवृतः: विशेषण (Adjectival)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सम्+वृ (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त, पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1), एकवचन; ‘surrounded/covered’

• आगच्छत्: went/came
• आगच्छत्: क्रिया (Verb/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: आ+गम् (धातु)
• Form: लङ् (Imperfect/Past), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन

• पश्चिमद्वारम्: to the western gate
• पश्चिमद्वारम्: कर्म (Goal/Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पश्चिम (प्रातिपदिक) + द्वार (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2/कर्म), एकवचन; कर्मधारय: ‘western gate’

• हनूमान्: Hanuman
• हनूमान्: कर्ता (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: हनुमत् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1), एकवचन

• यत्र: where
• यत्र: अधिकरण (Locative sense/अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यत्र (अव्यय)
• Form: देशार्थक-अव्यय (relative adverb: where)

• वानरः: the monkey (hero)
• वानरः: कर्ता (Appositive/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वानर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1), एकवचन; apposition to हनूमान्

Context

Rama having spoken thus, King of Bears surrounded by Vanaras went to Hanuman at the western gate.

Characters & Entities

• Jāmbavān (ṛkṣarāja)
• Hanūmān
• western gate (paścimadvāra)
• Vānara troops

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma as loyal service and disciplined cooperation: allies take positions and act promptly when instructed for a righteous cause.

What is the narrative situation?

Battle preparations/placements: Jāmbavān moves with his forces to the western gate where Hanūmān is positioned.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Obedience and readiness (ājñā-pālanam): coordinated action in support of Rāma’s mission.