Ramayana — Yuddha Kanda, Sarga 73, Shloka 35

इन्द्रजितः ब्रह्मास्त्र-यागः तथा वानरसेनाविध्वंसः

Indrajit’s Brahmastra Rite and the Crushing of the Vanara Host

Devanagari script

तेवध्यमानास्समरेवानराःपादपायुधाः ।अभ्यवर्षन्तसहसारावणिंशैलपादपैः ।।।।

Transliteration

te vadhyamānāḥ samare vānarāḥ pādapāyudhāḥ |

abhyavarṣanta sahasā rāvaṇiṃ śaila-pādapaiḥ ||

Translation

Dẫu bị sát hại trong giao tranh, các Vân-nara cầm cây làm vũ khí vẫn bất ngờ dội xuống Ravani (con của Rāvaṇa) mưa đá núi và thân cây lớn.

Word by Word

• te: they
• te: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा विभक्ति, बहुवचन

• vadhyamānāḥ: being attacked
• vadhyamānāḥ: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: √vadh (धातु) + यक् (passive) + शानच् (कृदन्त)
• Form: वर्तमानकाले कर्मणि (passive) शानच्-प्रत्ययान्त; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा विभक्ति, बहुवचन; 'being struck/killed'; qualifies vānarāḥ

• samare: in battle
• samare: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: samara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी विभक्ति, एकवचन; अधिकरण

• vānarāḥ: Vanaras
• vānarāḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vānara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा विभक्ति, बहुवचन

• pādapa-āyudhāḥ: armed with trees
• pādapa-āyudhāḥ: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: pādapa (प्रातिपदिक) + āyudha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा विभक्ति, बहुवचन; बहुव्रीहिः 'whose weapons are trees'; qualifies vānarāḥ

• abhyavarṣanta: showered
• abhyavarṣanta: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: abhi-√vṛṣ (धातु)
• Form: लङ् (imperfect), प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन; परस्मैपद; 'showered upon'

• sahasā: suddenly
• sahasā: Kriya-visheshana (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: sahasā (अव्यय/प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्यय (adverb): 'suddenly/with force'

• rāvaṇim: Rāvaṇi (Indrajit)
• rāvaṇim: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rāvaṇi (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया विभक्ति, एकवचन; कर्म

• śaila-pādapaiḥ: with rocks and trees
• śaila-pādapaiḥ: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: śaila (प्रातिपदिक) + pādapa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया विभक्ति, बहुवचन; द्वन्द्वः 'rocks and trees' used as instrument

Context

Struck in the battle by Indrajith, the Vanaras rained heavily armed with trees and rocks.

Characters & Entities

• Indrajit
• Rāvaṇa

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Steadfastness in a righteous cause: even when wounded, the Vanaras do not abandon their duty to resist adharma and protect Rāma’s mission.

What is the narrative situation?

Indrajit is striking the Vanara army; the Vanaras immediately counter by hurling rocks and uprooted trees at him.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Courage and resilience—continuing to fight despite injury and pressure.