Shloka 80

अतिकायवधः

The Slaying of Atikāya

Devanagari script

तान् शरान्युधिसम्प्रेक्ष्यनिकृत्तान्रावणात्मजः ।।।।चुकोपत्रिदशेन्द्रारिर्जग्राहनिशितंशरम् ।

Transliteration

tān śarān yudhi samprēkṣya nikṛttān rāvaṇātmajaḥ | cukopa tridaśendrārir jagrāha niśitaṃ śaram ||

Translation

Thấy giữa chiến địa những mũi tên ấy đã bị chém gãy, con trai của Rāvaṇa—kẻ thù của Indra—liền nổi giận, cầm lấy một mũi tên sắc khác.

Word by Word

• tān: those
• tān: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• śarān: arrows
• śarān: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: śara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• yudhi: in battle
• yudhi: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: yudh (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine, Locative (7th), Singular; 'in battle'

• samprekṣya: having seen
• samprekṣya: Pūrvakāla-kriyā
• Type: Verb
• Root: samprekṣya (कृदन्त, √īkṣ/√prekṣ धातु with sam-)
• Form: Absolutive/Gerund (क्त्वा/ल्यप्): 'having observed'

• nikṛttān: cut down
• nikṛttān: Karma-viśeṣaṇa
• Type: Adjective
• Root: nikṛtta (कृदन्त, √kṛt/√kart धातु with ni-)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural; PPP (क्त) 'cut down' qualifying śarān

• rāvaṇa-ātmajaḥ: Rāvaṇa’s son
• rāvaṇa-ātmajaḥ: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: rāvaṇa (प्रातिपदिक) + ātmaja (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular; 'son of Rāvaṇa'

• cukopa: became angry
• cukopa: Kriyā
• Type: Verb
• Root: √kup (धातु)
• Form: Perfect (लिट्), 3rd Person, Singular, Parasmaipada

• tridaśa-indra-ariḥ: Indra’s foe
• tridaśa-indra-ariḥ: Kartṛ-samānādhikaraṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: tridaśa (प्रातिपदिक) + indra (प्रातिपदिक) + ari (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular; tatpuruṣa: 'enemy of Indra, lord of the gods'

• jagrāha: seized
• jagrāha: Kriyā
• Type: Verb
• Root: √grah (धातु)
• Form: Perfect (लिट्), 3rd Person, Singular, Parasmaipada

• niśitam: sharp
• niśitam: Karma-viśeṣaṇa
• Type: Adjective
• Root: niśita (कृदन्त)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular; qualifying śaram

• śaram: an arrow
• śaram: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: śara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

Context

Ravana's son, an enemy of Indra, observing that all arrows have been ineffective, took up another sharp arrow.

Characters & Entities

• Atikāya (Rāvaṇātmaja)
• Indra (Tridaśendra)
• Lakṣmaṇa (implied opponent)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Unchecked anger clouds judgment: Dharma requires mastery over krodha; rage escalates violence and leads one away from Satya.

What is the narrative situation?

Atikāya sees his volley neutralized and prepares a new, sharper shot.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Negatively framed: the vice of wrath (krodha) rather than a virtue.