Ramayana — Yuddha Kanda, Sarga 60, Shloka 84
कुम्भकर्णविबोधनम्
The Awakening of Kumbhakarna
Devanagari script
ततोगत्वादशग्रीवमासीनंपरमासने ।ऊचुर्बद्धाञ्जलिपुटास्सर्वएवनिशाचराः ।।।।
Transliteration
tato gatvā daśagrīvam āsīnaṃ paramāsane |
ūcur baddhāñjali-puṭāḥ sarva eva niśācarāḥ ||
Translation
Bấy giờ, họ tiến đến trước Daśagrīva đang ngồi trên bảo tòa rực rỡ; hết thảy các dạ-xoa dạ hành đều chắp tay cung kính mà tâu rằng.
Word by Word
tataḥthen, thereafter
tataḥ:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण) / temporal setting
TypeIndeclinable
Roottatas (अव्यय-प्रातिपदिक)
Formअव्यय (indeclinable adverb): 'thereafter/then'
gatvāhaving gone
gatvā:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeVerb
Rootgam (धातु)
Formक्त्वान्त (absolutive/gerund, ल्यप्): 'having gone'
daśagrīvamDaśagrīva (Rāvaṇa)
daśagrīvam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootdaśa + grīva (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (accusative), एकवचन; समास: षष्ठी/कर्मधारय-प्रायः 'दश ग्रīvāḥ यस्य' (name)
āsīnamseated
āsīnam:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootāsīna (प्रातिपदिक; √ās (धातु) से निष्पन्न)
Formभूतकृदन्त (past participle-like adjective), पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; 'seated' (qualifies daśagrīvam)
parama-āsaneon the excellent seat/throne
parama-āsane:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootparama + āsana (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (locative), एकवचन; समास: कर्मधारय 'परमं आसनम्'
ūcuḥsaid, spoke
ūcuḥ:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootvac (धातु)
Formलिट् (perfect), प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन; परस्मैपद
baddha-añjali-puṭāḥwith folded hands
baddha-añjali-puṭāḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootbaddha (√bandh धातु) + añjali + puṭa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; समास: तत्पुरुष 'बद्धः अञ्जलिपुटः येषाम्' (folded-hands posture)
sarveall
sarve:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootsarva (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; सर्वनाम-शब्द
evaindeed, just
eva:
Sambandha/Emphasis (निपात)
TypeIndeclinable
Rooteva (अव्यय)
Formनिपात (particle) emphatic
niśācarāḥnight-rangers (rākṣasas)
niśācarāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootniśā + cara (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; समास: तत्पुरुष 'निशायां चरन्ति'
Context
All those night rangers, approaching the ten-headed king seated on an excellent se at greeted with folded hands and said.
Characters & Entities
D
Daśagrīva (Rāvaṇa)N
Niśācaras (Rākṣasas)FAQs
Maryādā (proper conduct): even in tense times, courtly decorum—approaching with respect and clear speech—is maintained.
Rāvaṇa is informed formally in his court; the attendants report after completing the task regarding Kumbhakarṇa.
Respectful communication and disciplined protocol.