Ramayana — Yuddha Kanda, Sarga 60, Shloka 82

कुम्भकर्णविबोधनम्

The Awakening of Kumbhakarna

Devanagari script

महोदरवचश्श्रुत्वाराक्षसैःपरिवारितः ।कुम्भकर्णोमहातेजास्सम्प्रतस्थेमहाबलः ।।।।

Transliteration

mahodara-vacaḥ śrutvā rākṣasaiḥ parivāritaḥ |

kumbhakarṇo mahātejāḥ sampratasthē mahābalaḥ ||

Translation

Nghe lời Mahodara, Kumbhakarṇa—đại uy quang rực rỡ, sức mạnh vô song—liền xuất phát, chung quanh có các rākṣasa hộ tống.

Word by Word

• mahodara-vacaḥ: Mahodara's words
• mahodara-vacaḥ: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: mahodara (प्रातिपदिक) + vacas (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्गे, द्वितीया, एकवचनम्; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः ‘महोदरस्य वचः’

• śrutvā: having heard
• śrutvā: Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकाल-क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: śru (धातु) + ktvā (क्त्वा)
• Form: क्त्वान्त-अव्ययकृदन्तः

• rākṣasaiḥ: by rakshasas
• rākṣasaiḥ: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rākṣasa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, तृतीया, बहुवचनम्

• parivāritaḥ: surrounded
• parivāritaḥ: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Verb
• Root: pari + vṛ (धातु) + kta (क्त)
• Form: क्त-कृदन्तः; पुंलिङ्गे, प्रथमा, एकवचनम्; passive sense ‘surrounded’

• kumbhakarṇaḥ: Kumbhakarna
• kumbhakarṇaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kumbhakarṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, प्रथमा, एकवचनम्

• mahātejāḥ: of great splendour
• mahātejāḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: mahā + tejas (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, प्रथमा, एकवचनम्; बहुव्रीहिः ‘महत्तेजः यस्य’

• sampratasthē: set out/departed
• sampratasthē: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: sam + pra + sthā (धातु)
• Form: लिट्-लकारः (perfect), प्रथमपुरुषः, एकवचनम्; आत्मनेपदम्

• mahābalaḥ: very strong
• mahābalaḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: mahā + bala (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, प्रथमा, एकवचनम्; बहुव्रीहिः ‘महद् बलं यस्य’

Context

Kumbhakarna of extraordinary energy, mighty strong, on hearing Mahodara went in surrounded by Rakshasas.

Characters & Entities

• Mahodara
• Kumbhakarṇa
• Rākṣasas

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

It highlights duty-bound mobilization: once a decision is taken, action should be orderly and responsible, not chaotic.

What is the narrative situation?

Kumbhakarṇa, prompted by counsel, begins moving toward the royal presence, escorted by rākṣasas.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Readiness and resolve—Kumbhakarṇa’s power is paired with immediate action.