Ramayana — Yuddha Kanda, Sarga 60, Shloka 32

कुम्भकर्णविबोधनम्

The Awakening of Kumbhakarna

Devanagari script

ततश्शोणितकुम्भांश्चमद्यानिविविधानिच ।।।।पुरस्तात्कुम्भकर्णस्यचक्रुस्त्रिदशशत्रवः ।

Transliteration

tataś śoṇita-kumbhāṁś ca madyāni vividhāni ca |

purastāt kumbhakarṇasya cakrus tridaśa-śatravaḥ ||6.60.32||

Translation

Rồi những kẻ thù của chư thiên đặt trước Kumbhakarṇa các chum máu và đủ thứ rượu nồng, men say muôn dạng.

Word by Word

• ततः: then
• ततः: वाक्यसम्बन्ध (Discourse connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततः (अव्यय)
• Form: अपादान/क्रम-अव्यय (then/thereupon)

• शोणित-कुम्भान्: pots of blood
• शोणित-कुम्भान्: कर्म (Karma/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शोणित (प्रातिपदिक) + कुम्भ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन; तत्पुरुषः: ‘pots of blood’

• च: and
• च: समुच्चय (Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय

• मद्यानि: wines/liquors
• मद्यानि: कर्म (Karma/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मद्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन

• विविधानि: various
• विविधानि: कर्मविशेषण (Object-qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: विविध (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन; मद्यानि विशेषयति

• च: and
• च: समुच्चय (Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय

• पुरस्तात्: in front
• पुरस्तात्: अधिकरण (Adhikarana/Location)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: पुरस्तात् (अव्यय)
• Form: देश-अव्यय (locative adverb): ‘in front’

• कुम्भकर्णस्य: of Kumbhakarna
• कुम्भकर्णस्य: सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कुम्भकर्ण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, एकवचन

• चक्रुः: placed/made
• चक्रुः: क्रिया (Action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन; परस्मैपद

• त्रिदश-शत्रवः: enemies of the gods (rakshasas)
• त्रिदश-शत्रवः: कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: त्रिदश (प्रातिपदिक) + शत्रु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः: ‘enemies of the gods’

Context

Then the Rakshasas placed thirty three kinds of meat, pails of blood, and a variety of wines in front of Kumbhakarna.

Characters & Entities

• Kumbhakarṇa
• Tridaśas (the gods)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma is aligned with clarity and self-mastery; intoxication and blood imagery symbolize moral darkness. The verse frames the Rākṣasa cause as opposed to divine order (satya and dharma).

What is the narrative situation?

The Rākṣasas arrange extreme offerings—blood and liquor—to stimulate Kumbhakarṇa and send him into battle.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

The virtue implied by contrast is sobriety and discernment (viveka), foundational for dharmic action.