Shloka 46

युद्धकाण्डे एकोनषष्टितमः सर्गः

Rāvaṇa’s Assault on Nīla and Lakṣmaṇa; Hanumān Bears Rāma

Devanagari script

ततोमहात्मासधनुर्धनुष्मानादायरामस्सहसाजगाम ।तंलक्ष्मणःप्राञ्जलिरभ्युपेत्यउवाचवाक्यंपरमार्थयुक्तम् ।।6.59.46।।

Transliteration

tato mahātmā sa dhanur dhanuṣmān ādāya rāmaḥ sahasā jagāma |

taṃ lakṣmaṇaḥ prāñjalir abhyupetya uvāca vākyaṃ paramārthayuktam ||6.59.46||

Translation

Bấy giờ Đại Hồn Rāma, bậc cung thủ hùng mạnh, liền cầm lấy cây cung và tức khắc tiến ra. Lakṣmaṇa chắp tay đến gần, thưa lời hợp với chân nghĩa tối thượng.

Word by Word

• ततः: then
• ततः: Kriya-vishesana (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततः (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya, adverb

• महात्मा: the great-souled one
• महात्मा: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: महात्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative Singular; 'great-souled' used as substantive

• स: he
• स: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative Singular

• धनुः: bow
• धनुः: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: धनुस् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Accusative Singular (द्वितीया/2); object of ādāya

• धनुष्मान्: bow-bearing
• धनुष्मान्: Karta-anvaya (कर्तृ-विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: धनुष्मत् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative Singular; possessive adjective (मतुप्) 'having a bow'

• आदाय: having taken
• आदाय: Purvakala-kriya (पूर्वकाल-क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: आ + दा (धातु)
• Form: Absolutive/Gerund (क्त्वा-प्रत्यय; ल्यप्)

• रामः: Rama
• रामः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative Singular; apposition to महात्मा

• सहसा: suddenly/immediately
• सहसा: Kriya-vishesana (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सहसा (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya, adverb

• जगाम: went
• जगाम: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: गम् (धातु)
• Form: Perfect (लिट्), 3rd person, Singular; Parasmaipada

• तम्: him
• तम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative Singular; refers to Rāma

• लक्ष्मणः: Lakshmana
• लक्ष्मणः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: लक्ष्मण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative Singular

• प्राञ्जलिः: with folded hands
• प्राञ्जलिः: Karta-anvaya (कर्तृ-विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: प्र + अञ्जलि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative Singular; 'with folded hands'

• अभ्युपेत्य: approaching
• अभ्युपेत्य: Purvakala-kriya (पूर्वकाल-क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: अभि + उप + इ (धातु)
• Form: Absolutive/Gerund (क्त्वा/ल्यप्)

• उवाच: said
• उवाच: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वच् (धातु)
• Form: Perfect (लिट्), 3rd person, Singular; Parasmaipada

• वाक्यम्: words/speech
• वाक्यम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वाक्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Accusative Singular; object of uvāca

• परमार्थयुक्तम्: connected with highest truth
• परमार्थयुक्तम्: Karma-anvaya (कर्म-विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: परम + अर्थ + युक्त (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Accusative Singular; qualifies वाक्यम्; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः: परमार्थेन युक्तम् (endowed with highest truth)

Context

The great soul Rama who was holding a bow went seizing it. Lakshmana approached him immediately with folded hands and addressed Rama with words consonant with truth.

Characters & Entities

• Rāma
• Lakṣmaṇa
• bow (dhanuḥ)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma is expressed through disciplined action and truthful counsel: Rāma acts promptly for protection, while Lakṣmaṇa approaches respectfully and speaks with ‘paramārtha’—aimed at true, higher good.

What is the narrative situation?

As the battle worsens, Rāma prepares to intervene; Lakṣmaṇa comes forward to request permission and offer a principled course of action.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Respectful duty (vinaya) and clarity of purpose—Lakṣmaṇa’s deference and Rāma’s readiness to protect allies.