Ramayana — Yuddha Kanda, Sarga 47, Shloka 10

पुष्पकविमानेन सीताया युद्धभूमिदर्शनम्

Sita Shown the Battlefield in the Pushpaka

Devanagari script

अद्यकालवशंप्राप्तंरणेरामंसलक्ष्मणम् ।अवेक्ष्यविनिवृत्तासाचान्यांगतिमपश्यती ।।।।निरपेक्षाविशालाक्षीमामुपस्थास्यतेस्वयम् ।

Transliteration

adyakālavaśaṃ prāptaṃ raṇe rāmaṃ salakṣmaṇam | avekṣya vinivṛttā sā cānyāṃ gatim apaśyatī | nirapekṣā viśālākṣī mām upasthāsyate svayam ||

Translation

Rāvaṇa tự nhủ: “Đến lúc định mệnh chi phối, khi nàng Sītā mắt rộng thấy Rāma cùng Lakṣmaṇa nơi chiến địa đã rơi vào tay số phận, nàng sẽ quay lại, chẳng còn nẻo nương tựa nào khác; tuyệt vọng, nàng sẽ tự mình đến bên ta.”

Word by Word

• adya: today/now
• adya: Kāla-adhikaraṇa (कालाधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: adya (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (temporal adverb: 'today/now')

• kālavaśam: under the sway of time (fate)
• kālavaśam: Gati/Prāpti (गति/प्राप्ति-सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kāla + vaśa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष (kālasya vaśaḥ = power of time/fate); पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; used adverbially with prāptam

• prāptam: reached/come to
• prāptam: Karma (कर्म/प्राप्त-विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: prāpta (कृदन्त; pra + √āp प्राप्तौ)
• Form: भूतकृदन्त (PPP), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; agrees with implied 'avasthāṃ/daśām' or used predicatively with rāmaṃ

• raṇe: in battle
• raṇe: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: raṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन

• rāmam: Rama
• rāmam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rāma (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• salakṣmaṇam: together with Lakshmana
• salakṣmaṇam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sa + lakṣmaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष/उपपद (lakṣmaṇena saha = with Lakshmana); पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; विशेषण (of rāmam)

• avekṣya: having seen
• avekṣya: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ava + √īkṣ (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (Absolutive/Gerund)

• vinivṛttā: turned back/withdrawn
• vinivṛttā: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: vinivṛtta (कृदन्त; vi + ni + √vṛt निवृत्तौ)
• Form: भूतकृदन्त (PPP), स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; predicate of sā

• sā: she
• sā: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन (pronoun)

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय

• anyām: another
• anyām: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: anya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; विशेषण (of gatim)

• gatim: course/refuge/way
• gatim: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: gati (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• apaśyatī: does not see
• apaśyatī: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √dṛś (धातु) with a- (negation)
• Form: लट् (Present), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन, परस्मैपद; नञ्-समास/उपसर्गेण निषेधार्थ (a-paśyatī = does not see)

• nirapekṣā: hopeless/without expectation
• nirapekṣā: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: nir + apekṣā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषण (of sā/viśālākṣī)

• viśālākṣī: large-eyed (Sita)
• viśālākṣī: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: viśāla + akṣi (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: बहुव्रीहि (viśāle akṣiṇī yasyāḥ = she who has large eyes); स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• mām: me
• mām: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: द्वितीया, एकवचन

• upasthāsyate: will attend/serve
• upasthāsyate: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: upa + √sthā (धातु)
• Form: लृट् (Simple future), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन, आत्मनेपद

• svayam: by herself
• svayam: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: svayam (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (reflexive adverb: 'of her own accord')

Context

Ravana thought that the broad eyed Sita coming to conclusion in course of time that Rama has gone along with Lakshmana, rid of hope, with no other haven, will seek him on her own accord.

Characters & Entities

• Rāvaṇa
• Sītā (Maithilī, Viśālākṣī)
• Rāma
• Lakṣmaṇa
• battlefield (raṇa)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

The verse highlights adharma through coercive desire: Rāvaṇa imagines that despair will force Sītā to submit, contrasting with dharma where consent, restraint, and truthfulness are essential.

What is the narrative situation?

Rāvaṇa anticipates that if Sītā believes Rāma and Lakṣmaṇa are overcome in battle, she will lose hope and come to him; this sets up the deception that follows.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

By contrast (implicitly), Sītā’s steadfast fidelity is the virtue; Rāvaṇa’s mindset shows the vice of delusion and unethical manipulation.