Ramayana — Yuddha Kanda, Sarga 128, Shloka 42

अयोध्याप्रत्यागमन-सन्देशः

Hanuman Sent Ahead to Ayodhya

Devanagari script

अशोकजैःप्रीतिमयैःकपिमालिङ्ग्यसम्भ्रमात् ।।।।सिषेचभरतःश्रीमान्विपुलैरश्रुबिन्धुभिः ।

Transliteration

aśokajaiḥ prītimayaiḥ kapim āliṅgya sambhramāt |

siṣeca bharataḥ śrīmān vipulair aśrubindubhiḥ ||

Translation

Bharata vinh hiển, xúc động trào dâng, ôm chầm lấy khỉ vương (Hanumān) trong niềm thương mến do hoan hỷ sinh ra, và tưới ướt người ấy bằng những giọt lệ chan hòa.

Word by Word

• aśokajaiḥ: born of joy (lit. sorrowless)
• aśokajaiḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: aśoka-ja (प्रातिपदिक; aśoka + ja)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Tṛtīyā (3rd/तृतीया), Bahuvacana; तत्पुरुषः (aśokāt jāta) qualifying aśrubindubhiḥ (tears born of joy)

• prītimayaiḥ: full of affection
• prītimayaiḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: prīti-maya (प्रातिपदिक; prīti + maya)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Tṛtīyā (3rd/तृतीया), Bahuvacana; तत्पुरुषः (prītyā maya) qualifying aśrubindubhiḥ

• kapim: the monkey (Hanuman)
• kapim: Karma (कर्म/Object of āliṅgya)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kapi (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Dvitīyā (2nd/द्वितीया), Ekavacana

• āliṅgya: having embraced
• āliṅgya: Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ā-√liṅg (धातु) + lyap (ल्यप्)
• Form: Kṛdanta: absolutive/gerund (ल्यप्) = 'having embraced'

• sambhramāt: from excitement
• sambhramāt: Hetu (हेतु/Cause)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sambhrama (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Pañcamī (5th/पञ्चमी), Ekavacana; ablative of cause

• siṣeca: sprinkled/drenched
• siṣeca: Kriyā (क्रिया/Finite verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √sic (धातु)
• Form: Liṭ-lakāra (Perfect/लिट्), Prathama-puruṣa (3rd/प्रथम), Ekavacana; parasmaipada

• bharataḥ: Bharata
• bharataḥ: Kartā (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bharata (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Prathamā (1st/प्रथमा), Ekavacana

• śrīmān: illustrious
• śrīmān: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: śrīmat (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Prathamā (1st/प्रथमा), Ekavacana; qualifying bharataḥ

• vipulaiḥ: copious
• vipulaiḥ: Karaṇa (करण/Instrument)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: vipula (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Tṛtīyā (3rd/तृतीया), Bahuvacana; qualifying aśrubindubhiḥ

• aśru-bindubhiḥ: with tear-drops
• aśru-bindubhiḥ: Karaṇa (करण/Instrument)
• Type: Noun
• Root: aśru + bindu (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Tṛtīyā (3rd/तृतीया), Bahuvacana; तत्पुरुषः (aśrūṇāṃ bindavaḥ)

Context

Glorious Bharata was overwhelmed with joy and embraced Hanuman and copious tears of joy born of joy.

Characters & Entities

• Bharata
• Hanumān

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Kṛtajñatā (gratitude): honoring the bearer of truthful, auspicious news with sincere affection.

What is the narrative situation?

Bharata physically expresses relief and gratitude by embracing Hanumān and weeping tears of joy.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Bharata’s humility and thankfulness—he venerates service to dharma regardless of the messenger’s form.