Ramayana — Yuddha Kanda, Sarga 123, Shloka 23

इन्द्रवरदानम् / Indra Grants Boons: Restoration of the Vanara Host

Devanagari script

अभिवाद्य च काकुत्स्थ: सर्वांस्तांस्त्रिदशोत्तमान् ।लक्ष्मणेनसहभ्रात्रावासमाज्ञापयत्तदा ।।।।

Transliteration

abhivādya ca kākutsthaḥ sarvāṃs tāṃs tridaśottamān | lakṣmaṇena saha bhrātrā vāsam ājñāpayat tadā ||

Translation

Bấy giờ đấng Kakutstha (Rāma) kính lễ tất cả những bậc tối thượng trong hàng chư Thiên, rồi cùng em là Lakṣmaṇa truyền lệnh cho đại quân trở về doanh trại an trú.

Word by Word

• अभिवाद्य: having saluted
• अभिवाद्य: Purvakala (पूर्वकाल)
• Type: Verb
• Root: अभि-√वद् (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (absolutive/gerund) — 'having greeted/saluted'

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक निपात (conjunction)

• काकुत्स्थः: Kakutstha (Rama)
• काकुत्स्थः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kākutstha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन

• सर्वान्: all
• सर्वान्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sarva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), बहुवचन; तान् इत्यस्य विशेषण

• तान्: those
• तान्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), बहुवचन; सर्वान् इत्यनेन विशेषित

• त्रिदशोत्तमान्: the foremost gods
• त्रिदशोत्तमान्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tridaśa-uttama (प्रातिपदिक; त्रिदश + उत्तम)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), बहुवचन; 'the best among the thirty (gods)'

• लक्ष्मणेन: with Lakshmana
• लक्ष्मणेन: Sahartha (सहार्थ/association)
• Type: Noun
• Root: lakṣmaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन

• सह: together with
• सह: Sahartha (सहार्थ/association)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: saha (अव्यय)
• Form: सहार्थक अव्यय (association)

• भ्रात्रा: with (his) brother
• भ्रात्रा: Sahartha (सहार्थ/association)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bhrātṛ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन; लक्ष्मणेन इत्यस्य सहापेक्षया—'with (his) brother'

• वासम्: dwelling, camp
• वासम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vāsa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन

• आज्ञापयत्: ordered, directed
• आज्ञापयत्: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: आ-√ज्ञा (धातु)
• Form: लङ् (Imperfect/Past), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन; परस्मैपदम्; causative nuance 'caused to be ordered/arranged' is lexical

• तदा: then
• तदा: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/adverbial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tadā (अव्यय)
• Form: कालवाचक अव्यय (temporal adverb)

Context

"The Vanaras have fought for my cause and reached the abode of Yama. Make them rise up and get them back to life."

Characters & Entities

• Rāma (Kākutstha)
• Lakṣmaṇa
• Devas (Tridaśottamāḥ)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma as disciplined leadership: after victory, proper protocol (honoring the gods) and orderly rest for forces prevent chaos and arrogance.

What is the narrative situation?

Indra and the gods have departed; Rāma offers respectful salutations and organizes the post-war settling of the host.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Maryādā (propriety) and command responsibility—Rāma maintains order and respect even at the peak of success.