Shloka 2

रावणस्य सभाप्रवेशः

Ravana Enters the Royal Assembly and Summons Counsel

Devanagari script

अतीतसमयेकालेतस्मिन्वैयुधिरावणः ।अमात्यैश्चसुहृद्भिश्चप्राप्तकालममन्यत ।।।।

Transliteration

atītasamaye kāle tasmin vai yudhi rāvaṇaḥ | amātyaiś ca suhṛdbhiś ca prāptakālam amanyata ||

Translation

Khi thời khắc đã trôi qua và cơn nguy biến của chiến trận kề cận, Rāvaṇa cho là đúng lúc để bàn định cùng các đại thần và những thân hữu tri kỷ.

Word by Word

• atīta-samaye: in the elapsed time
• atīta-samaye: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: atīta (कृदन्त) + samaya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, सप्तमी-विभक्तिः (Locative/7th), एकवचनम्; समासः—कर्मधारयः (atītaḥ samayaḥ)

• kāle: at the time
• kāle: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kāla (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, सप्तमी-विभक्तिः (Locative/7th), एकवचनम्

• tasmin: in that (time)
• tasmin: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, सप्तमी-विभक्तिः (Locative/7th), एकवचनम्; सर्वनाम

• vai: indeed
• vai: Sambandha/Discourse particle (सम्बन्ध/निपात)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: vai (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात (particle/emphasis)

• yudhi: in/for battle
• yudhi: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yudh (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्गे, सप्तमी-विभक्तिः (Locative/7th), एकवचनम्; ‘युध्’ = battle

• rāvaṇaḥ: Ravana
• rāvaṇaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rāvaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, प्रथमा-विभक्तिः (Nominative/1st), एकवचनम्

• amātyaiḥ: with ministers
• amātyaiḥ: Sahakāraka/Instrument (करण/सह)
• Type: Noun
• Root: amātya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, तृतीया-विभक्तिः (Instrumental/3rd), बहुवचनम्

• ca: and
• ca: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक-अव्यय (conjunction)

• suhṛdbhiḥ: with friends
• suhṛdbhiḥ: Sahakāraka/Instrument (करण/सह)
• Type: Noun
• Root: suhṛd (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, तृतीया-विभक्तिः (Instrumental/3rd), बहुवचनम्

• ca: and
• ca: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक-अव्यय (conjunction)

• prāpta-kālam: the right time/opportunity
• prāpta-kālam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: prāpta (कृदन्त) + kāla (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, द्वितीया-विभक्तिः (Accusative/2nd), एकवचनम्; समासः—कर्मधारयः (prāptaḥ kālaḥ)

• amanyata: considered/thought
• amanyata: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: man (धातु)
• Form: लङ्-लकारः (Imperfect/Past), प्रथमपुरुषः (3rd person), एकवचनम्; आत्मनेपदम्

Context

A pair of fans with pure crystal like handles with a golden bouquet in the middle glowed.

Characters & Entities

• Rāvaṇa

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Rajadharma: a ruler must recognize the right time (kāla) for counsel and decision-making, especially in war, rather than acting impulsively.

What is the narrative situation?

With war imminent, Rāvaṇa prepares to consult his ministers and trusted companions.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Strategic prudence (kāla-jñāna) and reliance on counsel—though in Rāvaṇa’s case it foreshadows how counsel may be used or ignored.