Shloka 4

ऐन्द्ररथप्रदानम्

Indra’s Chariot Offered to Rāma; The Duel Intensifies

Devanagari script

दीप्तपावकसङ्काशैःशरैःकाञ्चनभूषणैः ।।।।अभ्यवर्षद्रणरामोदशग्रीवंसमाहितः ।

Transliteration

dīptapāvaka-saṅkāśaiḥ śaraiḥ kāñcana-bhūṣaṇaiḥ |

abhyavarṣad raṇe rāmo daśagrīvaṃ samāhitaḥ ||

Translation

Giữa trận tiền, Rāma tâm ý kiên định, trút xuống Daśagrīva mưa tên rực như lửa cháy, lại điểm trang bằng vàng.

Word by Word

• dīptapāvakasaṅkāśaiḥ: with (arrows) resembling blazing fire
• dīptapāvakasaṅkāśaiḥ: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: dīpta-pāvaka-saṅkāśa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Plural (बहुवचन); समास: तत्पुरुष (दीप्तः पावकः इव सङ्काशः)

• śaraiḥ: with arrows
• śaraiḥ: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: śara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Plural (बहुवचन)

• kāñcanabhūṣaṇaiḥ: adorned with gold ornaments
• kāñcanabhūṣaṇaiḥ: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: kāñcana-bhūṣaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Plural (बहुवचन); समास: तत्पुरुष (काञ्चनं भूषणं येषां ते)

• abhyavarṣat: showered upon
• abhyavarṣat: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: abhi-√vṛṣ (धातु)
• Form: Imperfect (लङ्), 3rd Person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन); Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद)

• raṇe: in battle
• raṇe: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: raṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular (एकवचन)

• rāmaḥ: Rama
• rāmaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rāma (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)

• daśagrīvam: Ravana
• daśagrīvam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: daśa-grīva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन); बहुव्रीहि (दश ग्रīvāḥ यस्य सः)

• samāhitaḥ: composed/steady
• samāhitaḥ: Karta-visheshana (कर्ता-विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sam-ā-√dhā (धातु)
• Form: Past passive participle (क्त), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); used adjectivally

Context

Ravana with ten heads and twenty arms seizing his bow appeared like the Mynaka mountain.

Characters & Entities

• Rāma
• Daśagrīva (Rāvaṇa)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma here is disciplined action: Rāma fights with steadiness (samāhitaḥ), showing that righteous duty is carried out with self-control rather than uncontrolled rage.

What is the narrative situation?

In the climactic battle, Rāma intensifies his assault, covering Rāvaṇa with a rapid volley of brilliant arrows.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Rāma’s composure and concentration under pressure—focused courage guided by duty.