Shloka 49

लक्ष्मण-प्राणरक्षा:

Lakshmana’s Revival by the Herb-Mountain

Devanagari script

यदिवधमिच्छसिरावणस्यसङ्ख्येयदि च कृतांहितवेच्छसिप्रतिज्ञाम् ।यदितवराजसुताभिलाषआर्यकुरु च वचोममशीघ्रमद्यवीर ।।।।

Transliteration

yadi vadham icchasi rāvaṇasya saṅkhye yadi ca kṛtāṃ hitavecchasi pratijñām |

yadi tava rājasutābhilāṣa ārya kuru ca vaco mama śīghram adya vīra ||

Translation

Hỡi bậc anh hùng, bậc cao quý—nếu ngài muốn Rāvaṇa bị diệt trong chiến trận, nếu ngài mong lời thệ nguyện vì lợi ích đã lập được viên thành, và nếu ngài khát khao ái nữ của đức vua—thì hôm nay hãy mau làm theo lời ta.

Word by Word

• yadi: if
• yadi: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: yadi (अव्यय)
• Form: शर्तवाचक अव्यय (conditional 'if')

• vadham: killing
• vadham: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vadha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• icchasi: you desire
• icchasi: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: iṣ (धातु)
• Form: लट् (Present), परस्मैपद, मध्यमपुरुष, एकवचन

• rāvaṇasya: of Ravana
• rāvaṇasya: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rāvaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• saṅkhye: in battle
• saṅkhye: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: saṅkhya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (locative), एकवचन; युद्धे (in battle)

• yadi: if
• yadi: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: yadi (अव्यय)
• Form: शर्तवाचक अव्यय

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय

• kṛtām: made
• kṛtām: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: kṛta (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: क्त (past passive participle) from √kṛ; स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; 'pratijñām' इत्यस्य विशेषणम्

• hitavecchasi: you wish (for) welfare
• hitavecchasi: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: hita + √iṣ (धातु)
• Form: लट् (Present), परस्मैपद, मध्यमपुरुष, एकवचन; 'hita' उपपदपूर्वक (desiring welfare)

• pratijñām: vow
• pratijñām: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: pratijñā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• yadi: if
• yadi: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: yadi (अव्यय)
• Form: शर्तवाचक अव्यय

• tava: your
• tava: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tvad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, षष्ठी-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• rājasutābhilāṣaḥ: desire for the king's daughter
• rājasutābhilāṣaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rājasutā + abhilāṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष: राजसुतायाः अभिलाषः

• ārya: O noble one
• ārya: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ārya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन, एकवचन

• kuru: do
• kuru: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: kṛ (धातु)
• Form: लोट् (Imperative), परस्मैपद, मध्यमपुरुष, एकवचन

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय

• vacaḥ: word(s)
• vacaḥ: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vac (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• mama: my
• mama: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asmad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, षष्ठी-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• śīghram: quickly
• śīghram: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: śīghra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: क्रियाविशेषणरूपेण (adverbial accusative)

• adya: today/now
• adya: Kāla-adhikaraṇa (कालाधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: adya (अव्यय)
• Form: कालवाचक अव्यय

• vīra: O hero
• vīra: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vīra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन, एकवचन

Context

Beholding his dear brother, who is his life outside him overcome by anxiety, Rama lost senses and gave himself to great sorrow.

Characters & Entities

• Rāma
• Vibhīṣaṇa
• Rāvaṇa
• Sītā
• Janaka

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

It links personal aim to ethical obligation: the rightful goal (restoring Sītā and defeating adharma) must be achieved through steadfast truth to one’s vow.

What is the narrative situation?

At the close of the sarga, Rāma is urged to act immediately—following an ally’s counsel—to bring the war to its dharmic conclusion.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Commitment to satya (truthfulness) through completing one’s pledged duty, along with disciplined, timely action.