Shloka 11

Devanagari script

स विद्धोदशभिर्बाणैर्महाकार्मुकनिस्सृतैः ।रावणेनमहातेजा न प्राकम्पतराघवः ।।।।

Transliteration

sa viddho daśabhir bāṇair mahākārmuka-nissṛtaiḥ | rāvaṇena mahātejā na prākampata rāghavaḥ ||

Translation

Dẫu bị Rāvaṇa bắn mười mũi tên từ cây đại cung, bậc đại hùng Rāghava vẫn không hề rung động.

Word by Word

• सः: he
• सः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• विद्धः: pierced
• विद्धः: Visheshana (विशेषण/Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: विद्ध (कृदन्त; √व्यध्/√विध् धातु)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; क्त (PPP)

• दशभिः: with ten
• दशभिः: Visheshana (विशेषण/Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: दशन् (संख्या-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: (त्रि-लिङ्ग), तृतीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; संख्याविशेषण

• बाणैः: by arrows
• बाणैः: Karana (करण/Instrument)
• Type: Noun
• Root: बाण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन

• महाकार्मुकनिस्सृतैः: shot forth from the great bow
• महाकार्मुकनिस्सृतैः: Visheshana (विशेषण/Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: महा (प्रातिपदिक) + कार्मुक (प्रातिपदिक) + निस्सृत (कृदन्त; निस्+√सृ धातु)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; तत्पुरुषः (महाकार्मुकात् निस्सृताः) क्त (PPP) विशेषण

• रावणेन: by Rāvaṇa
• रावणेन: Kartr-karana (कर्तृ-करण/Agent expressed instrumentally)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रावण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• महातेजाः: of great energy/splendour
• महातेजाः: Visheshana (विशेषण/Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: महा (प्रातिपदिक) + तेजस् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; बहुव्रीहिः (महत् तेजः यस्य)

• न: not
• न: Nishedha (निषेध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेध-अव्यय (negation particle)

• प्राकम्पत: shook, trembled
• प्राकम्पत: Kriya (क्रिया/Verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्र+√कम्प् (धातु)
• Form: लङ्-लकार (Imperfect), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• राघवः: Rāghava
• राघवः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राघव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

Context

Then, Raghava, who had won many battles, became highly furious, piercing Ravana in all his limbs with many arrows.

Characters & Entities

• Rāma (Rāghava)
• Rāvaṇa

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma is shown as inner steadiness: a righteous person does not lose composure under pain, fear, or provocation.

What is the narrative situation?

Rāvaṇa strikes Rāma with ten arrows, but the attack fails to unsettle him.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Dhairya (fortitude) and satya-niṣṭhā (commitment to truth/righteous purpose) in Rāma—he remains unwavering despite injury.