Shloka 74

समुद्रलङ्घनारम्भः

Commencement of the Ocean-Crossing

Devanagari script

तिमिनक्रझषाः कूर्मा दृश्यन्ते विवृतास्तदा।वस्त्रापकर्षणेनेव शरीराणि शरीरिणाम्।।।।

Transliteration

timinakrajhaṣāḥ kūrmā dṛśyante vivṛtās tadā | vastrāpakarṣaṇen eva śarīrāṇi śarīriṇām ||

Translation

Bấy giờ cá voi, cá sấu, đại ngư và rùa đều hiện ra trần trụi, như thân thể của hữu tình khi áo xiêm bị kéo tuột khỏi người.

Word by Word

• timi-nakra-jhaṣāḥ: whales, crocodiles, and fish
• timi-nakra-jhaṣāḥ: Karta (कर्ता) of dṛśyante (with kūrmāḥ)
• Type: Noun
• Root: timi + nakra + jhaṣa (प्रातिपदिक) (समास)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा बहुवचन; इतरेतर-द्वन्द्वः (whales, crocodiles, and fish)

• kūrmāḥ: tortoises
• kūrmāḥ: Karta (कर्ता) of dṛśyante
• Type: Noun
• Root: kūrma (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा बहुवचन

• dṛśyante: were seen/appeared
• dṛśyante: Kriya (क्रिया) main verb
• Type: Verb
• Root: √dṛś (धातु)
• Form: लट् (Present/लट्), प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन; आत्मनेपद; कर्मणि प्रयोग (passive: 'are seen')

• vivṛtāḥ: exposed/uncovered
• vivṛtāḥ: Karta (कर्ता) विशेषण
• Type: Adjective
• Root: vi+√vṛ (धातु) → vivṛta (कृदन्त/प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा बहुवचन; विशेषण (qualifying timinakrajhaṣāḥ kūrmāḥ)

• tadā: then
• tadā: Kāla (काल)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tadā (अव्यय)
• Form: कालवाचक अव्यय

• vastra-apakarṣaṇena: by the removal of clothes
• vastra-apakarṣaṇena: Karana (करण) in simile-context
• Type: Noun
• Root: vastra + apakarṣaṇa (प्रातिपदिक) (समास)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/करण), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (vastrasya apakarṣaṇam = removal of clothes)

• iva: as if
• iva: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध) upamā-marker
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: iva (अव्यय)
• Form: उपमानवाचक अव्यय

• śarīrāṇi: bodies/limbs
• śarīrāṇi: Karta (कर्ता) in implied simile-clause
• Type: Noun
• Root: śarīra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा बहुवचन; उपमेय-रूपेण (as the thing compared: bodies/limbs)

• śarīriṇām: of embodied creatures
• śarīriṇām: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध) genitive
• Type: Noun
• Root: śarīrin (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, षष्ठी बहुवचन; सम्बन्ध (genitive: 'of embodied beings')

Context

On account of the sea-water rising up, the whales, crocodiles, fish and tortoises laid bare like the limbs of the body disrobed.

Characters & Entities

• Hanumān (implied as cause)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma is conveyed through the idea that actions have consequences in the world: even a righteous mission can disturb nature, reminding one to act with awareness and restraint.

What is the narrative situation?

The ocean is churned by Hanumān’s passage, making hidden sea-creatures visible, as if the sea’s covering were drawn aside.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Effective strength (śakti) in service: his power is so great it changes the visible surface of the ocean.