Shloka 45

समुद्रलङ्घनारम्भः

Commencement of the Ocean-Crossing

Devanagari script

समुत्पतति तस्मिंस्तु वेगात्ते नगरोहिणः।संहृत्य विटपान् सर्वान् समुत्पेतुः समन्ततः।।।।

Transliteration

samutpatati tasmiṃs tu vegāt te nagarohiṇaḥ |

saṃhṛtya viṭapān sarvān samutpetuḥ samantataḥ ||

Translation

Khi Ngài tung vọt lên với tốc lực lớn lao, cây cối trên núi như thu hết cành lá, rồi dường như từ bốn phía cùng bật lên theo Ngài.

Word by Word

• samutpatati: (when he) was leaping up
• samutpatati: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: sam-ut-√pat (पत् धातु)
• Form: Laṭ (Present/वर्तमान), Parasmaipada, 3rd Person, Singular; with preverbs sam- + ut-

• tasmin: when/in that (time)
• tasmin: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Pronoun, Masculine/Neuter, Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular

• tu: then/indeed
• tu: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tu (अव्यय)
• Form: Particle (अन्वयार्थक निपात)

• vegāt: from/owing to speed
• vegāt: Hetu (हेतु)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vega (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Ablative (5th/पञ्चमी), Singular

• te: they
• te: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Pronoun, Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural

• nagarohiṇaḥ: mountain-growing trees
• nagarohiṇaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: naga-rohiṇ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः: nagānām rohiṇaḥ ‘growing on mountains’ (trees)

• saṃhṛtya: having gathered
• saṃhṛtya: Purvakala-kriya (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: sam-√hṛ (हृ धातु)
• Form: Absolutive/Gerund (क्त्वान्त/ल्यप्), ‘having drawn together/contracted’

• viṭapān: branches
• viṭapān: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: viṭapa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• sarvān: all
• sarvān: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sarva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural; qualifies viṭapān

• samutpetuḥ: flew up
• samutpetuḥ: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: sam-ut-√pat (पत् धातु)
• Form: Liṭ (Perfect), Parasmaipada, 3rd Person, Plural; with sam- + ut-

• samantataḥ: from all sides
• samantataḥ: Deśa-adhikaraṇa (देशाधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: samantataḥ (अव्यय)
• Form: Adverb (देशवाचक अव्यय)

Context

When he took off, numerous trees on the mountain drawing together the branches all over flew along with him.

Characters & Entities

• Hanumān
• Mahendra mountain (implied by context of the leap)
• trees (nagarohiṇaḥ)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma here is expressed as steadfast commitment to one’s entrusted duty: Hanumān’s mission is so resolute that even nature appears to respond to his righteous momentum.

What is the narrative situation?

Hanumān begins his great leap from the mountain (Mahendra) toward Laṅkā; the force of his takeoff makes the surrounding trees seem to spring up with him.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Vīrya (power and courage) guided by purpose—strength employed in service rather than for display.