Shloka 44

समुद्रलङ्घनारम्भः

Commencement of the Ocean-Crossing

Devanagari script

एवमुक्त्वा तु हनुमान्वानरान्वानरोत्तमः।।5.1.43।।उत्पपाताथ वेगेन वेगवानविचारयन्।सुपर्णमिव चात्मानं मेने स कपिकुञ्जरः।।5.1.44।।

Transliteration

evam uktvā tu hanumān vānarān vānarottamaḥ || 5.1.43 || utpapāta atha vegena vegavān avicārayan | suparṇam iva cātmānaṁ mene sa kapikuñjaraḥ || 5.1.44 ||

Translation

Nói vậy với bầy vānara, Hanumān—bậc tối thượng trong loài khỉ—liền tung mình vút đi trong tốc lực, không chút do dự; vị đại hầu ấy tự thấy mình như Suparṇa (Garuḍa).

Word by Word

• evam: thus
• evam: Kriya-viśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: evam (अव्यय)
• Form: Adverb (प्रकारवाचक अव्यय)

• uktvā: having spoken
• uktvā: Purvakala-kriya (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: vac (धातु)
• Form: Absolutive/Gerund (क्त्वान्त), ‘having said’

• tu: but/then
• tu: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tu (अव्यय)
• Form: Particle (अन्वयार्थक/विरोधार्थक निपात)

• hanumān: Hanuman
• hanumān: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: hanumat (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• vānarān: the vanaras
• vānarān: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vānara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• vānarottamaḥ: the best of vanaras
• vānarottamaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vānara-uttama (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः: ‘best among vanaras’

• utpapāta: leaped up
• utpapāta: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ut-√pat (पत् धातु)
• Form: Liṭ (Perfect), Parasmaipada, 3rd Person, Singular; with ut-

• atha: then
• atha: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: atha (अव्यय)
• Form: Sequential particle (अनन्तरार्थक अव्यय)

• vegena: with speed
• vegena: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vega (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Singular

• vegavān: swift
• vegavān: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: vegavat (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular (मतुप्)

• avicārayan: without hesitation
• avicārayan: Kriya-viśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Verb
• Root: a-vi-√cār (चार् धातु)
• Form: Present participle (शतृ), Masculine, Nominative, Singular; ‘without deliberation’

• suparṇam: Suparna (Garuda)
• suparṇam: Upamāna (उपमान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: suparṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• iva: like
• iva: Upamā (उपमा)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: iva (अव्यय)
• Form: Simile particle (उपमार्थक अव्यय)

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Conjunction (समुच्चयार्थक अव्यय)

• ātmānam: himself
• ātmānam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ātman (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• mene: thought/considered
• mene: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: man (धातु)
• Form: Liṭ (Perfect), Ātmanepada, 3rd Person, Singular

• saḥ: he
• saḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Pronoun, Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• kapikuñjaraḥ: the mighty monkey
• kapikuñjaraḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kapi-kuñjara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular; कर्मधारयः

Context

Having thus addressed the monkeys the foremost of vanaras,Hanuman endowed with great speed leaped without any exertion. The elephant among monkeys felt like Garuda.

Characters & Entities

• Hanumān
• Vānaras
• Suparṇa (Garuḍa)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma is effective follow-through: words of truth are validated by immediate, capable action.

What is the narrative situation?

A duplicated/marked presentation of the leap verse in this Southern Recension data stream.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Consistency between speech (satya) and deed (karma).