Shloka 14

सम्पाति

अङ्गदसंवादः / Sampati and Angada: Genealogy, Jatayu, and the Search Vow

Devanagari script

राजा कृत्स्नस्य जगत इक्ष्वाकूणां महारथः।रामो दाशरथिः श्रीमान्प्रविष्टो दण्डकावनम्।।।।लक्ष्मणेन सह भ्रात्रा वैदेह्या चापि भार्यया।पितुर्निदेशनिरतो धर्म्यं पन्थानमाश्रितः।।।।

Transliteration

rājā kṛtsnasya jagata ikṣvākūṇāṃ mahārathaḥ |

rāmo dāśarathiḥ śrīmān praviṣṭo daṇḍakāvanam ||

lakṣmaṇena saha bhrātrā vaidehyā cāpi bhāryayā |

pitur nideśa-nirato dharmyaṃ panthānam āśritaḥ ||

Translation

Rāma—đấng rạng ngời, con của Daśaratha, đại chiến sĩ dòng Ikṣvāku, bậc vương giả được cả thế gian biết đến—đã vào rừng Daṇḍaka, cùng em trai Lakṣmaṇa và hiền thê Vaidehī; một lòng vâng theo mệnh lệnh của phụ vương và nương theo con đường Chánh Pháp.

Word by Word

• rājā: king
• rājā: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rājan (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana

• kṛtsnasya: of the entire
• kṛtsnasya: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: kṛtsna (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga/Napumsaka, Ṣaṣṭhī, Ekavacana; viśeṣaṇa of jagataḥ

• jagataḥ: of the world
• jagataḥ: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: jagat (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Napumsaka, Ṣaṣṭhī, Ekavacana

• ikṣvākūṇām: of the Ikshvaku dynasty
• ikṣvākūṇām: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ikṣvāku (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Ṣaṣṭhī, Bahuvacana

• mahārathaḥ: great chariot-warrior
• mahārathaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: mahā (प्रातिपदिक) + ratha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Karmadhāraya: mahān rathaḥ (mahā-rathaḥ); Puṃliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana; apposition to rājā/rāmaḥ

• rāmaḥ: Rama
• rāmaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rāma (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana

• dāśarathiḥ: son of Dasharatha
• dāśarathiḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: dāśarathi (प्रातिपदik)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana; patronymic

• śrīmān: illustrious
• śrīmān: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: śrīmat (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana; viśeṣaṇa of rāmaḥ

• praviṣṭaḥ: entered
• praviṣṭaḥ: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: pra-viś (प्र+विश् धातु) + kta (क्त)
• Form: Kṛdanta past participle (क्त), Puṃliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana; predicate of rāmaḥ

• daṇḍakāvanam: the Dandaka forest
• daṇḍakāvanam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: daṇḍaka (प्रातिपदिक) + vana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Tatpuruṣa: daṇḍakānāṃ vanaṃ / daṇḍaka-vanaṃ; Napumsaka, Dvitīyā, Ekavacana

• lakṣmaṇena: with Lakshmana
• lakṣmaṇena: Sahakāraka (सह/साकं)
• Type: Noun
• Root: lakṣmaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Tṛtīyā, Ekavacana

• saha: together with
• saha: Sahakāraka (सह)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: saha (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya; upapada governing instrumental (सह + तृतीया)

• bhrātrā: with (his) brother
• bhrātrā: Sahakāraka (सह)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bhrātṛ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Tṛtīyā, Ekavacana

• vaidehyā: with Vaidehi
• vaidehyā: Sahakāraka (सह)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vaidehī (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Strīliṅga, Tṛtīyā, Ekavacana

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Conjunction (समुच्चय)

• api: also
• api: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: api (अव्यय)
• Form: Particle (निपात), 'also/even'

• bhāryayā: with (his) wife
• bhāryayā: Sahakāraka (सह)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bhāryā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Strīliṅga, Tṛtīyā, Ekavacana

• pituḥ: of (his) father
• pituḥ: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: pitṛ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Ṣaṣṭhī, Ekavacana

• nideśanirataḥ: engaged in/obedient to the command
• nideśanirataḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: nideśa (प्रातिपदिक) + nirata (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Tatpuruṣa: nideśe nirataḥ; Puṃliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana; viśeṣaṇa of rāmaḥ

• dharmyam: righteous
• dharmyam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: dharmya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Napumsaka, Dvitīyā, Ekavacana; viśeṣaṇa of panthānam

• panthānam: path
• panthānam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: panthā (पन्था प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Dvitīyā, Ekavacana

• āśritaḥ: having taken refuge in; having adopted
• āśritaḥ: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ā-śri (आ+श्रि धातु) + kta (क्त)
• Form: Kṛdanta past participle (क्त), Puṃliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana; predicate of rāmaḥ

Context

'The great warrior Rama is the son of Dasaratha, the scion of the Ikshvaku race and the king of the entire world. He entered Dandaka forest along with his brother Lakshmana and consort Vaidehi obeying his father's command following a righteous path.

Characters & Entities

• Rāma
• Daśaratha
• Ikṣvāku dynasty
• Daṇḍaka forest
• Lakṣmaṇa
• Vaidehī (Sītā)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma as filial obedience and moral steadfastness: Rāma accepts hardship to uphold his father’s word and the righteous course.

What is the narrative situation?

Aṅgada explains to Sampāti who Rāma is and why he is in the forest, establishing the background for Sītā’s abduction and the search.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Rāma’s integrity (satya) and commitment to righteous conduct despite personal loss.