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Shloka 8

कृतघ्ननिन्दा तथा सुग्रीवप्रबोधनम्

Condemnation of Ingratitude and Admonition of Sugriva

यस्तु राजा स्थितोऽधर्मे मित्राणामुपकारिणाम्।मिथ्या प्रतिज्ञां कुरुते को नृशंसतरस्ततः।।।।

yas tu rājā sthito 'dharme mitrāṇām upakāriṇām |

mithyā pratijñāṃ kurute ko nṛśaṃsataras tataḥ ||

Vị vua nào lại tàn nhẫn hơn kẻ đứng vững trong phi pháp, rồi đem lời thệ nguyện dối trá mà hứa với những bằng hữu từng trợ giúp mình?

yaḥwho(ever)
yaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootyad (यद् सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम (Pronoun), पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
tubut / indeed
tu:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottu (तु अव्यय)
Formनिपात (particle; contrast/emphasis)
rājāa king
rājā:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootrājan (राजन् प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
sthitaḥstanding / abiding
sthitaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeVerb
Rootsthā (स्था धातु) (धातु)
Formक्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त (PPP), पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
adharmein unrighteousness
adharme:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootadharma (अधर्म प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुल्लिङ्ग, सप्तमी (Locative), एकवचन
mitrāṇāmof friends
mitrāṇām:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Rootmitra (मित्र प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (Genitive), बहुवचन
upakāriṇāmof benefactors
upakāriṇām:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
TypeAdjective
Rootupakārin (उपकारिन् प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुल्लिङ्ग (generic), षष्ठी (Genitive), बहुवचन; ‘benefactors’ (qualifying mitrāṇām)
mithyāfalsely
mithyā:
Kriya-visheṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootmithyā (मिथ्या अव्यय)
Formक्रियाविशेषण-अव्यय (adverb: falsely)
pratijñāma promise
pratijñām:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootpratijñā (प्रतिज्ञा प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (Accusative), एकवचन
kurutemakes
kurute:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootkṛ (कृ धातु)
Formलट्-लकार (Present), आत्मनेपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन
kaḥwho?
kaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootkim (किम् सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formप्रश्नवाचक-सर्वनाम (interrogative pronoun), पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
nṛśaṃsataraḥmore cruel
nṛśaṃsataraḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootnṛśaṃsa (नृशंस प्रातिपदिक)
Formतुलनात्मक-प्रत्यय (comparative -tara), पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
tataḥthan that / thereafter
tataḥ:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/तुलना)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottataḥ (ततः अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (from that/than that; ablatival adverb)

'Which king can be more malicious than the one who makes false promises and adopts an unrighteous path towards those who helped him?

L
Lakṣmaṇa
S
Sugrīva
M
Mitra (friends/allies)

FAQs

Breaking one’s pledged word—especially to benefactors—is adharma and a form of cruelty, because it violates trust and justice.

Lakṣmaṇa accuses Sugrīva of failing to honor his alliance with Rāma after receiving help against Vāli.

Integrity (satya in action): the moral demand that a ruler’s promises must match his conduct.