Shloka 16

कृतघ्ननिन्दा तथा सुग्रीवप्रबोधनम्

Condemnation of Ingratitude and Admonition of Sugriva

Devanagari script

महाभागेन रामेण पापः करुणवेदिना।हरीणां प्रापितो राज्यं त्वं दुरात्मा महात्मना।।।।

Transliteration

mahā-bhāgena rāmeṇa pāpaḥ karuṇā-vedinā |

harīṇāṃ prāpito rājyaṃ tvaṃ durātmā mahātmanā ||

Translation

Chính nhờ Rāma cao quý, đầy lòng bi mẫn, bậc đại hồn, mà ngươi—dẫu tội lỗi, tâm địa hiểm ác—được lập làm vua của loài khỉ.

Word by Word

• महाभागेन: by the illustrious
• महाभागेन: Karana (करण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: महाभाग (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन; कर्मधारय-समासः (महान् भागः यस्य)

• रामेण: by Rama
• रामेण: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन

• पापः: sinner
• पापः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पाप (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; सम्बोधनार्थे अपि प्रयुज्यते (here predicative)

• करुणवेदिना: by the compassionate
• करुणवेदिना: Karana (करण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: करुणावेदिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः (करुणां वेत्ति)

• हरीणाम्: of the monkeys
• हरीणाम्: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: हरि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, बहुवचन

• प्रापितः: was caused to obtain / was granted
• प्रापितः: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्र + आप् (धातु) + णिच् (causative) + क्त
• Form: णिच्-कारक (causative) क्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त (PPP), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; कर्मणि प्रयोगः (passive sense)

• राज्यम्: kingdom
• राज्यम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राज्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• त्वम्: you
• त्वम्: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: युष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• दुरात्मा: evil-minded one
• दुरात्मा: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दुरात्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; कर्मधारयः (दुष्ट आत्मा)

• महात्मना: by the great-souled (one)
• महात्मना: Karana (करण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: महात्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन; कर्मधारयः (महान् आत्मा)

Context

'You have not seen the thunderbolt-like arrows released from the bow of Rama, the renowned prince of the Ikshvaku race. Therefore you are resorting to enjoyment without any fear and have not given thought to Rama's work.'ityārṣē śrīmadrāmāyaṇē vālmīkīya ādikāvyē kiṣkindhākāṇḍē catustriṅśassargaḥ৷৷Thus ends the thirty-fourth sarga in Kishkindakanda of the first epic, the Holy Ramayana composed by sage Valmiki.

Characters & Entities

• Lakṣmaṇa
• Sugrīva
• Rāma
• Vānara kingdom

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Receiving compassion imposes duty: when power is gained through another’s righteous aid, dharma demands gratitude and service in return.

What is the narrative situation?

Lakṣmaṇa reminds Sugrīva that Rāma’s compassion restored his throne; hence Sugrīva’s delay is not merely political—it is moral failure.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Rāma’s karuṇā (compassion) and mahātmatā (greatness), contrasted with Sugrīva’s alleged ingratitude.