Shloka 22

वर्षावर्णनम्

The Monsoon Description and Rama’s Counsel on Timing

Devanagari script

समुद्वहन्त स्सलिलातिभारंबलाकिनो वारिधरा नदन्तः।महत्सु शृङ्गेषु महीधराणांविश्रम्य विश्रम्य पुनः प्रयान्ति।।

Transliteration

samudvahantaḥ salilātibhāraṃ balākino vāridharā nadantaḥ | mahatsu śṛṅgeṣu mahīdharāṇāṃ viśramya viśramya punaḥ prayānti ||

Translation

Mang gánh nặng nước quá đầy và vang rền tiếng sấm, những khối mây—có đàn cò theo hầu—lại nghỉ, lại nghỉ trên các đỉnh lớn của núi non, rồi lại tiếp tục lên đường.

Word by Word

• samudvahantaḥ: carrying up/bearing
• samudvahantaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sam-ud-√vah (वह धातु, वहने) (कृदन्त)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural; Present active participle (शतृ) qualifying vāridharāḥ

• salila-ati-bhāram: a very heavy load of water
• salila-ati-bhāram: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: salila + ati + bhāra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative (द्वितीया), Singular; Tatpuruṣa: salilasya atibhāraḥ (excessive load of water)

• balākinaḥ: accompanied by cranes
• balākinaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: balākin (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural; adjective to vāridharāḥ: 'with cranes'

• vāridharāḥ: clouds (water-bearers)
• vāridharāḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vāri + dhara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural; Tatpuruṣa: vāriṃ dharanti iti (water-bearers)

• nadantaḥ: thundering
• nadantaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: √nad (नद् धातु, शब्दे) (कृदन्त)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural; Present active participle (शतृ) qualifying vāridharāḥ

• mahatsu: on great/high
• mahatsu: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: mahat (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Locative, Plural; adjective to śṛṅgeṣu

• śṛṅgeṣu: on peaks
• śṛṅgeṣu: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: śṛṅga (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Locative, Plural

• mahīdharāṇām: of mountains
• mahīdharāṇām: Ṣaṣṭhī-sambandha (षष्ठीसम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: mahī + dhara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Genitive (षष्ठी), Plural; Tatpuruṣa: mahīṃ dharanti iti (mountains)

• viśramya: having rested
• viśramya: Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: vi-√śram (श्रम् धातु, विश्रान्तौ)
• Form: Absolutive/Gerund (क्त्वा-प्रत्यय; ल्यप्): 'having rested'

• viśramya: having rested again
• viśramya: Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: vi-√śram (श्रम् धातु)
• Form: Gerund (ल्यप्), repetition for emphasis

• punaḥ: again
• punaḥ: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: punaḥ (अव्यय)
• Form: Adverb (पुनरावृत्तिवाचक)

• prayānti: go on, proceed
• prayānti: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: pra-√yā (या धातु, गत्यर्थे)
• Form: Laṭ-lakāra, Parasmaipada, 3rd person, Plural

Context

'The huge rumbling clouds on the high mountain peaks carry heavy load of water. Now they rest and now resume their journey accompanied by herons.

Characters & Entities

• clouds (vāridhara)
• mountains (mahīdhara)
• mountain peaks (śṛṅga)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Sustained duty needs measured rest. Like clouds that pause on peaks before continuing, righteous effort includes recovery so that responsibilities can be carried to completion.

What is the narrative situation?

Rama depicts the monsoon clouds’ movement—laden, thundering, pausing on mountain summits, then proceeding—mirroring the season’s rhythm.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Perseverance with balance: endurance that includes strategic pauses.