Shloka 93

पम्पा

तीर-वर्णनम् / Rama’s Lament at Pampa and the Approach to Rishyamuka

Devanagari script

एष कारण्डवः पक्षी विगाह्य सलिलं शुभम्।रमते कान्तया सार्धं काममुद्दीपयन्मम।।।।

Transliteration

eṣa kāraṇḍavaḥ pakṣī vigāhya salilaṃ śubham |

ramate kāntayā sārdhaṃ kāmam uddīpayan mama ||

Translation

Hãy xem chim kāraṇḍava kia: lặn vào làn nước trong lành cát tường rồi vui đùa cùng bạn tình; cảnh ấy khơi dậy nỗi tương tư trong lòng ta.

Word by Word

• एषः: this
• एषः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: etad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; demonstrative pronoun

• कारण्डवः: karandava (duck)
• कारण्डवः: Karta (कर्ता; apposition)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कारण्डव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• पक्षी: bird
• पक्षी: Karta (कर्ता; apposition)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पक्षिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• विगाह्य: having plunged into/bathed in
• विगाह्य: Purvakala-kriya (पूर्वकाल-क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वि-गाह् (धातु)
• Form: कृदन्त (ल्यप्/absolutive), अव्ययभाव; prior action

• सलिलम्: water
• सलिलम्: Karma (कर्म/Object of विगाह्य)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सलिल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• शुभम्: pleasant, auspicious
• शुभम्: Karma (कर्म; qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: शुभ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; qualifies सलिलम्

• रमते: sports, delights
• रमते: Kriya (क्रिया/Predicate)
• Type: Verb
• Root: रम् (धातु)
• Form: लट् (Present), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; आत्मनेपद

• कान्तया: with (his) beloved
• कान्तया: Sahakari (सहकारी/Companion; सहार्थे तृतीया)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कान्ता (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन

• सार्धम्: together with
• सार्धम्: N/A (Avyaya)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सार्धम् (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; सहार्थक (with)

• कामम्: desire, love
• कामम्: Karma (कर्म/Object of उद्दीपयन्)
• Type: Noun
• Root: काम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• उद्दीपयन्: kindling, arousing
• उद्दीपयन्: Karta (कर्ता; participial predicate)
• Type: Verb
• Root: उद्-दीप् (धातु)
• Form: कृदन्त (शतृ/Present active participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; agrees with एषः (bird)

• मम: my
• मम: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी (Genitive), एकवचन; pronoun

Context

'This duck, entering into auspicious water, sports with its beloved and incites my love.

Characters & Entities

• Lakṣmaṇa
• kāraṇḍava (duck/bird)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma includes truthful acknowledgment of emotion without being ruled by it; Rāma admits longing yet continues the righteous path.

What is the narrative situation?

Observing paired birds in spring waters, Rāma’s separation from Sītā intensifies, and he voices this to Lakṣmaṇa.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Emotional honesty (satya toward one’s inner state) joined to endurance.