Ramayana — Bala Kanda, Sarga 72, Shloka 14

वैवाहिकसंबन्ध

निश्चयः / Fixing the Mithila–Ayodhya Marital Alliance

Devanagari script

एवमुक्त्वा वचस्सौम्यं प्रत्युत्थाय कृताञ्जलि:।उभौ मुनिवरौ राजा जनको वाक्यमब्रवीत्।।।।

Transliteration

evam uktvā vacas saumyaṃ pratyutthāya kṛtāñjaliḥ | ubhau munivarau rājā janako vākyam abravīt ||

Translation

Nói xong những lời hiền hòa ấy, vua Janaka liền đứng dậy, chắp tay cung kính, rồi thưa với cả hai vị đại thánh hiền.

Word by Word

• evam: thus
• evam: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: evam (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; प्रकारवाचक (adverb of manner)

• uktvā: having spoken
• uktvā: Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: vac (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वा-प्रत्ययान्त अव्ययकृदन्त (gerund/absolutive); ‘having spoken’

• vacaḥ: speech/words
• vacaḥ: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vacas (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग; द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd); एकवचन

• saumyam: gentle/pleasing
• saumyam: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: saumya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग; द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd); एकवचन; विशेषण (qualifying vacaḥ)

• pratyutthāya: having stood up
• pratyutthāya: Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: prati-ut-sthā (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वा-प्रत्ययान्त अव्ययकृदन्त (gerund); ‘having risen/stood up in respect’

• kṛtāñjaliḥ: with folded hands
• kṛtāñjaliḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: kṛta-añjali (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st); एकवचन; बहुव्रीहि-समास: ‘one whose añjali is made’ (=with folded hands)

• ubhau: both
• ubhau: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ubha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd); द्विवचन

• munivarau: the two best sages
• munivarau: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: munivara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd); द्विवचन; तत्पुरुष-समास (muni + vara)

• rājā: the king
• rājā: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rājan (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st); एकवचन

• janakaḥ: Janaka
• janakaḥ: Samānādhikaraṇa (समानाधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: janaka (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st); एकवचन; apposition to rājā

• vākyam: a statement
• vākyam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vākya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग; द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd); एकवचन

• abravīt: said/spoke
• abravīt: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: brū (धातु)
• Form: लङ्-लकार (Imperfect/Past); प्रथम-पुरुष (3rd person); एकवचन; परस्मैपद

Context

King Janaka, having spoken these pleasing words, stood up and with folded hands addressing both the great ascetics:

Characters & Entities

• Janaka
• Viśvāmitra
• Vasiṣṭha

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma is expressed as maryādā—proper conduct—shown by rising and offering añjali to revered sages before speaking.

What is the narrative situation?

The narration depicts Janaka’s bodily gesture of reverence as he prepares to speak further to Viśvāmitra and Vasiṣṭha.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Reverence and humility (vinaya): Janaka’s respect reinforces the ideal relationship between royal power and spiritual authority.