Ramayana — Bala Kanda, Sarga 50, Shloka 22

यज्ञवाटप्रवेशः जनक-विश्वामित्रसंवादश्च

Arrival at the Sacrificial Ground and Janaka’s Reception

Devanagari script

तस्य तद्वचनं श्रुत्वा जनकस्य महात्मन:।।1.50.22।।न्यवेदयन्महात्मानौ पुत्रौ दशरथस्य तौ।

Transliteration

tasya tadvacanaṁ śrutvā janakasya mahātmanaḥ || 1.50.22 || nyavedayan mahātmānau putrau daśarathasya tau |

Translation

Nghe lời ấy của đại vương Janaka, Viśvāmitra liền giới thiệu hai bậc thiếu niên hiển hách, tâu rằng họ chính là con của Daśaratha.

Word by Word

• तस्य: of him
• तस्य: सम्बन्ध (Sambandha/Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी (Genitive/6th), एकवचन (Singular), पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Masculine/Neuter) सर्वनाम-रूप (pronominal form)

• तत्: that
• तत्: कर्म (Karman/Object-qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: द्वितीया (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (Singular), नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter); विशेषण (qualifier) to वचनम्

• वचनम्: words/speech
• वचनम्: कर्म (Karman/Object) of श्रुत्वा
• Type: Noun
• Root: वचन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: द्वितीया (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (Singular), नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter)

• श्रुत्वा: having heard
• श्रुत्वा: क्रियाविशेषण (Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa/Adverbial to main verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: श्रु (धातु) + त्वा (क्त्वा-प्रत्यय)
• Form: क्त्वान्त-अव्यय (Gerund/Absolutive), पूर्वकाल (prior action): "having heard"

• जनकस्य: of Janaka
• जनकस्य: सम्बन्ध (Sambandha/Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: जनक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी (Genitive/6th), एकवचन (Singular), पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine)

• महात्मनः: of the great-souled
• महात्मनः: सम्बन्ध (Sambandha/Genitive relation)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: महात्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी (Genitive/6th), एकवचन (Singular), पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine); विशेषण (qualifier) to जनकस्य

• न्यवेदयन्: they informed/announced
• न्यवेदयन्: कर्ता (Kartā/Subject)
• Type: Verb
• Root: नि + अवेदयत्/विद् (धातु: विद्/वेदय् causative sense) (धातु)
• Form: लङ् (Imperfect/Past), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), बहुवचन (Plural), परस्मैपद (Parasmaipada); अर्थ: "they informed/presented"

• महात्मानौ: the two great-souled
• महात्मानौ: कर्ता (Kartā/Subject) (with पुत्रौ)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: महात्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: प्रथमा (Nominative/1st), द्विवचन (Dual), पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine); विशेषण (qualifier) to पुत्रौ

• पुत्रौ: two sons
• पुत्रौ: कर्ता (Kartā/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पुत्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: प्रथमा (Nominative/1st), द्विवचन (Dual), पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine)

• दशरथस्य: of Daśaratha
• दशरथस्य: सम्बन्ध (Sambandha/Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दशरथ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी (Genitive/6th), एकवचन (Singular), पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine)

• तौ: those two
• तौ: कर्ता (Kartā/Subject) (appositional)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: प्रथमा (Nominative/1st), द्विवचन (Dual), पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine); सर्वनाम; पुनरुक्ति/निर्देश (deictic) to पुत्रौ

Context

When the king heard of the arrival of Viswamitra he went forward with Satananda, the blemishless family priest walking ahead in order to welcome him with humility.

Characters & Entities

• Janaka
• Viśvāmitra
• Daśaratha

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Truthful disclosure and accountability: Viśvāmitra responds with clear identification, enabling dharmic action within royal and ritual protocols.

What is the narrative situation?

After Janaka’s inquiry, Viśvāmitra formally states the princes’ lineage as Daśaratha’s sons.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Viśvāmitra’s truthfulness and propriety: he presents the princes appropriately in a royal-sacrificial setting.