Ramayana — Bala Kanda, Sarga 48, Shloka 1
अहल्याशापवर्णनम्
The Account of Ahalyā’s Curse and the Deserted Hermitage near Mithilā
Devanagari script
पृष्ट्वा तु कुशलं तत्र परस्परसमागमे।कथान्ते सुमतिर्वाक्यं व्याजहार महामुनिम्।।।।
Transliteration
pṛṣṭvā tu kuśalaṃ tatra parasparasamāgame | kathānte sumatir vākyaṃ vyājahāra mahāmunim ||
Translation
Tại đó, sau cuộc tương phùng và lời thăm hỏi an lành lẫn nhau, khi câu chuyện sắp kết, Sumati thưa những lời này với vị đại ẩn sĩ.
Word by Word
imauthese two
imau:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootidam (इदम् सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा (Nominative), द्विवचन (Dual); सर्वनाम
kumārautwo youths/princes
kumārau:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootkumāra (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, द्विवचन; 'imau' इत्यस्य समानाधिकरण
bhadramauspiciousness, welfare
bhadram:
Prayojana/Āśīḥ (आशीः/प्रयोजन)
TypeNoun
Rootbhadra (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (Nom/Acc), एकवचन; आशीर्वाद-प्रयोगः (benedictive expression)
teto you
te:
Sampradāna (सम्प्रदान)
TypeNoun
Rootyusmad (युष्मद् सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formचतुर्थी-विभक्ति (Dative/4th), एकवचन; enclitic
devatulyaparākramauhaving prowess equal to the gods
devatulyaparākramau:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootdeva (प्रातिपदिक) + tulya (प्रातिपदिक) + parākrama (प्रातिपदिक)
Formबहुपद-तत्पुरुष-समास (deva-tulya: ‘equal to gods’ + parākrama: ‘prowess’); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, द्विवचन; विशेषण of 'kumārau'
gaja-siṃha-gatīhaving the gait of an elephant and a lion
gaja-siṃha-gatī:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootgaja (प्रातिपदिक) + siṃha (प्रातिपदिक) + gati (प्रातिपदिक)
Formद्वन्द्व-समास (gaja+siṃha) + तत्पुरुष (gati); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, द्विवचन; विशेषण
vīrauheroic
vīrau:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootvīra (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, द्विवचन; विशेषण
śārdūla-vṛṣabha-upamauresembling a tiger and a bull
śārdūla-vṛṣabha-upamau:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootśārdūla (प्रातिपदिक) + vṛṣabha (प्रातिपदिक) + upama (प्रातिपदिक)
Formद्वन्द्व-समास (śārdūla+vṛṣabha) + तत्पुरुष (upama: ‘like’); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, द्विवचन; विशेषण
padma-patra-viśāla-akṣauhaving large eyes like lotus petals
padma-patra-viśāla-akṣau:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootpadma (प्रातिपदिक) + patra (प्रातिपदिक) + viśāla (प्रातिपदिक) + akṣi (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुष-समास (padma-patra: ‘lotus-petal’) + कर्मधारय (viśāla-akṣi: ‘large-eyed’); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, द्विवचन; विशेषण
khaḍga-tūṇībearing sword(s) and quiver(s)
khaḍga-tūṇī:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootkhaḍga (प्रातिपदिक) + tūṇī (प्रातिपदिक)
Formद्वन्द्व-समास (sword and quiver); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, द्विवचन; विशेषण
dhanur-dharaubow-bearers
dhanur-dharau:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootdhanus (प्रातिपदिक) + dhara (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुष-समास (‘bow-bearing’); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, द्विवचन; विशेषण
aśvinauthe Aśvins
aśvinau:
Upamāna (उपमान)
TypeNoun
Rootaśvin (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, द्विवचन; उपमान (standard of comparison)
ivalike
iva:
Upamā (उपमा-सूचक)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiva (अव्यय)
Formउपमा-अव्यय (comparative particle)
rūpeṇain appearance/beauty
rūpeṇa:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootrūpa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति (Instrumental/3rd), एकवचन
samupasthita-yauvanauhaving attained youth
samupasthita-yauvanau:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootsam + upa + sthā (स्था धातु) + yauvana (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुष-समास; ‘samupasthita’ = क्त-प्रत्ययान्त (past participle: ‘attained/arrived at’) + ‘yauvana’; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, द्विवचन; विशेषण
yadṛcchayāby chance, of their own accord
yadṛcchayā:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa/Karaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण/करण)
TypeNoun
Rootyadṛcchā (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया (Instrumental), एकवचन; manner
evaindeed
eva:
Sambandha/Emphasis (अवधारण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rooteva (अव्यय)
Formअवधारण-अव्यय (emphasis)
gāmthe earth
gām:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootgo (गो प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine), द्वितीया (Accusative), एकवचन
prāptauhave reached
prāptau:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootpra + ā + pad (पद् धातु)
Formक्त-प्रत्ययान्त (past participle; ‘having reached’), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, द्विवचन; मुख्य-वाक्ये विधेयवत्
devalokātfrom the world of the gods
devalokāt:
Apādāna (अपादान)
TypeNoun
Rootdevaloka (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुष-समास (deva+loka); पुंलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी-विभक्ति (Ablative/5th), एकवचन
ivaas if, like
iva:
Upamā (उपमा-सूचक)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiva (अव्यय)
Formउपमा-अव्यय
amarautwo immortals (gods)
amarau:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootamara (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, द्विवचन; 'imau' इत्यस्य समानाधिकरण
kathamhow
katham:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootkatham (अव्यय)
Formप्रश्न-अव्यय (interrogative adverb)
padbhyāmby (their) feet, on foot
padbhyām:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootpad (पद् प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (Instrumental), द्विवचन; ‘on foot’ (instrumental of means)
ihahere
iha:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiha (अव्यय)
Formदेश-अव्यय (adverb: here)
prāptauhave come/reached
prāptau:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootpra + ā + pad (पद् धातु)
Formक्त-प्रत्ययान्त (past participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, द्विवचन; पुनरुक्त-प्रश्न (repeated for emphasis)
kimarthamfor what purpose
kimartham:
Prayojana (प्रयोजन)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootkim (किम् सर्वनाम) + artha (प्रातिपदिक)
Formअव्ययीभाव-समास; प्रश्न-अव्यय (interrogative: for what purpose)
kasyaof whom, whose
kasya:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Rootkim (किम् सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formषष्ठी (Genitive), एकवचन; interrogative pronoun
vāor
vā:
Sambandha/Alternative (विकल्प)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootvā (अव्यय)
Formविकल्प-अव्यय (disjunctive particle: or)
muneO sage
mune:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootmuni (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन-विभक्ति (Vocative), एकवचन
Context
Getting together they enquired one another's health. And then Sumati spoke to the great ascetic (Viswamitra).
Characters & Entities
S
SumatiV
VishvamitraFAQs
Dharmic conduct in conversation: greeting, asking welfare, and speaking at the proper time to a worthy person reflects social and spiritual propriety.
A new chapter begins: after courteous exchanges, Sumati addresses Viśvāmitra, signaling a transition to the next request or topic.
Courtesy and restraint—speech is framed by concern for others’ well-being and respectful timing.